Substitution behavior of Ag atoms in the Ti<sub>2</sub>AlC ceramic

Lu, Chengjie; Wang, Guochao; Yang, Guang; Fan, Guohua; Zhang, Jie; Liu, Xiaowen

doi:10.1111/jace.14561

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This reaction is different to other reported solid state reactions involving MAX phases, e.g., Ti 3 SiC 2 reacting with Cu, 26 Al, 27,28 or cryolite, 29 for which the nanolaminated structure disappears after the reaction, and different from reactions with Cu and Ag, which indicate partial substitution of Cu and Ag for both M and A elements. 30,31 A substitutional reaction involving an Fe + Au alloy has also been used to introduce Fe into the MAX phase A-layer. 18 Here, we report on synthesis and characterization of a novel magnetic MAX phase, (Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) 2 AuC obtained from the substitutional solid state reaction between a (Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 ) 2 GaC thin film and an Au-capping layer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

et al. 2018

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The magnetic properties of the new phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC are compared to the known MAX-phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC, where the former was synthesized by thermally induced substitution reaction of Au for Ga in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC. The reaction introduced a lattice expansion of ∼3% along the c-axis, an enhancement of the coercive field from 30 mT to 140 mT, and a reduction of the Curie temperature and the saturation magnetization. Still, (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC displays similar features in the magnetic field- and temperature-dependent magnetization curves as previously reported magnetic MAX phases, e.g., (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC and (Mo0.5Mn0.5)2GaC. The work suggests a pathway for tuning the magnetic properties of MAX phases.

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Section: All Article Content Except Where Otherwise Noted Is Licensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

et al. 2018

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“…The outdiffusion of the A element normally causes collapse and decomposition of the MAX-phase structure, resulting in the formation of porous carbides, intermetallic phases, and transition metal oxides [6,14,15]. It has also been reported on Cu and Ag substitution for both M and A elements in a MAX phase at elevated temperature [16,17], showing the possibility to chemically modify a MAX phase while retaining the nanolaminated structure.…”

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Thermally induced substitutional reaction of Fe into Mo₂GaC thin films

Lai

Petruhins

et al. 2017

Materials Research Letters

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The first Fe-based MAX phase is realized by solid-state substitution reaction of an Fe/Au/Mo 2 GaC thin-film diffusion couple, as determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Chemical analysis together with elemental mapping reveals that as much as 50 at.% Fe on the A site can be obtained by thermally induced Au and Fe substitution for Ga atomic layers in Mo 2 GaC. One-sixth of the original Ga is also replaced by Au atoms. When annealing Mo 2 GaC thin films covered with Fe only, the Mo 2 GaC phase remains intact, that is, Au acts as a catalyst for the substitution reaction. IMPACT STATEMENT The first direct evidence showing Fe-containing MAX phase, Mo 2 AC, with Fe ∼ 50 at.% on the A sites is presented, synthesized by thermally induced Fe and Au substitution reaction catalyzed by Au.

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“…This is in distinction to reports on reactions with other coinage metals (Cu and Ag), which indicate partial substitution of Cu and Ag for both M and A elements in MAX phases. 23,24 The present reaction requires high diffusivity for Au and Al to sustain the substitutional reaction in between the Ti 2 C and Ti 3 C 2 layers for the cases of Ti 2 AlC and Ti 3 AlC 2 hosts, respectively. The presence of a larger volume of Au is the driving force for Al atoms to out-diffuse from the M n+1 AX n phase.…”

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Ti₂Au₂C and Ti₃Au₂C₂ formed by solid state reaction of gold with Ti₂AlC and Ti₃AlC₂

et al. 2017

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Incorporation of layers of noble metals in non-van der Waals layered materials may be used to form novel layered compounds.Recently, we demonstrated a high-temperature-induced exchange process of Au with Si in the layered phase Ti 3 SiC 2 , resulting in the formation of Ti 3 AuC 2 and Ti 3 Au 2 C 2 . Here, we generalize this technique showing that Au/Ti 2 AlC and Au/Ti 3 AlC 2 undergo an exchange reaction at 650 8C to form Ti 2 Au 2 C and Ti 3 Au 2 C 2 and determine their structures by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ab initio calculations. These results imply that noble-metal-containing layered phases should be possible to synthesize in many systems.The metal to be introduced should be inert to the transition-metal carbide layers, and exhibit negative heat of mixing with the initial A element in a liquid phase or two-phase liquid/solid region at the annealing temperature.Phases with nanolaminated or atomically layered structures are an extensive research topic for the synthesis of novel materials and two-dimensional structures. Layered ceramics constitute a large class of materials including both van der Waals (vdW) materials, such as graphite or transition-metal dichalcogenides, and non-vdW solids. vdW materials are commonly applied for the formation of new two-dimensional materials, and allow for intercalation of foreign species, both ionic such as in Li-ion batteries 1,2 and neutral as in the case of intercalation of zerovalent noble metals in vdW solids. [3][4][5] In contrast, incorporation of noble-metal layers in non-vdW layered materials to form novel compounds is an outstanding challenge. Recently, we demonstrated a high-temperature-induced exchange process of Au with Si in the layered phase Ti 3 SiC 2 , resulting in the formation of the novel Ti 3 AuC 2 and Ti 3 Au 2 C 2 phases by an ordered replacement of the A-layer crystal planes; from Si-planes to Au or Au 2 planes.6 Furthermore, Ir-exchange with Au in Ti 3 AuC 2 yielded the new phase Ti 3 IrC 2 . 6 The starting phase Ti 3 SiC 2 is an archetype member of the M n+1 AX n phases, a large family of layered transition-metal carbides and nitrides [7][8][9][10]

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Substitution behavior of Ag atoms in the Ti₂AlC ceramic

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

Thermally induced substitutional reaction of Fe into Mo₂GaC thin films

Ti₂Au₂C and Ti₃Au₂C₂ formed by solid state reaction of gold with Ti₂AlC and Ti₃AlC₂

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Substitution behavior of Ag atoms in the Ti2AlC ceramic

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

Magnetic properties and structural characterization of layered (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC synthesized by thermally induced substitutional reaction in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC

Thermally induced substitutional reaction of Fe into Mo2GaC thin films

Ti2Au2C and Ti3Au2C2 formed by solid state reaction of gold with Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2

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Substitution behavior of Ag atoms in the Ti₂AlC ceramic

Thermally induced substitutional reaction of Fe into Mo₂GaC thin films

Ti₂Au₂C and Ti₃Au₂C₂ formed by solid state reaction of gold with Ti₂AlC and Ti₃AlC₂