Substance use disorders and psychotic disorders in epilepsy: A population-based registry study

Bakken, Inger Johanne; Revdal, Eline; Nesvåg, Ragnar; Brenner, Eiliv; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Surén, Pål; Ghaderi, Sara; Gunnes, Nina; Magnus, Per; Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Trogstad, Lill; Håberg, Siri E.; Brodtkorb, Eylert

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.06.021

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Most heroin abusers died from drug overdose, consistent with the national opioid crisis. Substance abuse is more frequent in PWE than in control populations . Because drug intoxication deaths require medicolegal investigations, substance abuse history is likely to be more common in our study group compared to the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

SUDEP among young adults in the San Diego County Medical Examiner Office

et al. 2020

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Excess mortality due to epilepsy is greatest among young adults. However, the relative proportions of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and other epilepsy‐related causes of death are not well defined. We prospectively adjudicated cause of death in all 18‐ to 45‐year‐olds with a history of seizure/epilepsy who underwent medicolegal investigation in San Diego County between 2014 and 2017. We identified 108 decedents with definite or probable epilepsy; 62% died from an epilepsy‐related cause. SUDEP accounted for 42.6% (N = 46) of deaths, which were usually unwitnessed deaths, at home in bed. Other frequent causes of death were drug overdose (N = 23), suicide (N = 8), trauma (N = 8), and drowning (N = 6). SUDEP autopsies were similar to those of decedents from other causes. Most deaths in young adults with epilepsy that undergo medico‐legal investigation are epilepsy‐related, and SUDEP is the leading cause. Improved seizure control can potentially save many lives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

SUDEP among young adults in the San Diego County Medical Examiner Office

et al. 2020

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“…Epidemiologic investigation showed that the probabilities of epilepsy patients developing schizophrenia or vice versa are both several-fold higher than the normal population 25–29 . However, the underlying mechanism is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in human symptomatic epilepsy

Zhu

Cao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Previous studies have shown that the neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signaling pathway may regulate the excitability of fast-spiking neurons in the frontal cortex and participate in primary epilepsy pathogenesis. However, the exact roles and mechanism for NRG1/ErbB4 in human symptomatic epilepsy are still unclear. Using fresh human symptomatic epilepsy tissues, we found that the protein levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 were significantly increased in the temporal cortex. In addition, NRG1-ErbB4 signaling suppressed phosphorylation of GluN2B at position 1472 by Src kinase, and decreased levels of phosphorylation level of GluN2B and Src were detected in human symptomatic epilepsy tissues. Our study revealed a critical role of the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling pathway in symptomatic epilepsy, which is different from that in primary epilepsy, and we propose that the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling may act as a homeostasis modulator that protects the brain from aggravation of epileptiform activity.

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“…Population-based studies have demonstrated an association between BPD and epilepsy (Adelöw et al, 2012; Bakken et al, 2014; Chang et al, 2013; Clarke et al, 2012; Ettinger et al, 2005; Jerrell et al, 2010; Martin et al, 2014; Ottman et al, 2011; Wotton and Goldacre, 2014), and most of them selected the cases based on epilepsy diagnosis. Two of the previous studies (Jerrell et al, 2010; Wotton and Goldacre, 2014) examined the association by selecting the cases based on BPD diagnosis (Wotton and Goldacre, 2014, examined the association in both ways).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental and comorbid epilepsy in persons with bipolar disorder

Sucksdorff

Brown

Chudal

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Population-based studies have demonstrated an overrepresentation of bipolar disorder (BPD) in individuals with epilepsy. However, few studies have examined the reverse association, i.e. comorbid epilepsy in individuals selected based on BPD diagnosis. No previous population-based study having examined the co-occurrence of BPD and epilepsy has adjusted for parental psychopathology. Such an adjustment is motivated by population-based studies reporting an overrepresentation of various types of parental psychiatric disorders in both BPD and epilepsy. Furthermore, an association between epilepsy in first-degree relatives and BPD has previously only been examined and demonstrated in a small clinical sample. The objective of this study is to examine the associations between parental and comorbid epilepsy and BPD, adjusting for parental psychopathology. Methods This nested case-control study identified 1861 cases with BPD, age up to 25 years, 3643 matched controls, and their parents from Finnish national registers. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and two-sided significance limits of p<0.05. Results BPD was associated with comorbid epilepsy (adjusted OR 2.53, 95% CI: 1.73–3.70) but not with parental epilepsy. Epilepsy was found in 3.33% of cases versus 1.29% of controls, 2.69% of cases’ parents versus 2.53% of controls’ parents. Limitations The diagnoses were register-based, not based on standardized procedures with direct ascertainment. Conclusions An association between BPD and comorbid epilepsy persists even after adjusting for parental psychopathology. Lack of familial clustering of BPD and epilepsy would suggest that the elevated co-occurrence of these disorders is influenced by non-genetic factors.

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Substance use disorders and psychotic disorders in epilepsy: A population-based registry study

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

SUDEP among young adults in the San Diego County Medical Examiner Office

SUDEP among young adults in the San Diego County Medical Examiner Office

Increased NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in human symptomatic epilepsy

Parental and comorbid epilepsy in persons with bipolar disorder

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