Subpleural emphysema complicating staphylococcal and other pneumonias

Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema Complicating Pneumonia in an Unventilated Term Infant

“…Pursnani et al [5] reported an unventilated full-term infant with persistent localized PIE causing an intractable pneumothorax and associated with a previous viral pneumonia, who had surgery for treatment and a definitive diagnosis. Boisset et al [4]. reported pulmonary interstitial air-leakage associated with artificial ventilation, in their autopsy cases with staphylococcal pneumonia, measles interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis.…”

“…Pneumonia may contribute to the development of pulmonary air leaks by at least three mechanisms: 1) air trapping from mechanical or check-valve obstruction within the bronchi by mucus and inflammatory exudates, 2) reduced strength or direct disruption of the alveolar lining from parenchymal inflammation or necrosis as commonly seen in necrotizing pneumonia and 3) decreasing lung compliance [4,5].…”

“…However, the occurrence of PIE associated with pneumonia has not been frequently reported [3,4]. There is only one case report of PIE in a full-term infant published, that was probably associated with a previous viral pneumonia [5].…”

Pneumatocele formation in a patient with Proteus mirabilis pneumonia

“…Fraser infants and children, but have also been described in other bacterial, tubercular, viral, parasitic and fungal pneumonias (Boisset, 1972;Luddy, 1977;Loskey & Sarosi, 1978). A few cases have been described complicating the course of gram negative pneumonias especially with Pseudomonas (Unger et al, 1973;Zornoza et al, 1976).…”

Tension Pneumatocele due toEnterobacter gergoviaePneumonia: A Case Report

“…Postpneumonic pneumatocele may result from rupture of bronchiolar walls due to necrosis causing formation of air corridors and subsequent accumulation of air between the visceral pleura and parenchyma resulting in subpleural pneumatocele [1]. Expanding pneumatocele may result from a check-valve action at the site of rupture [2].…”