Submicroscopic Structure of Bovine Articular Cartilage in Prenatal and Early Postnatal Period

Horký, Drahomír

doi:10.2754/avb198756010003

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The development of the chondrosynovial membrane in the goat during ontogeny was in agreement with the observations of Wolf (1975), McConaill (1951), W eis s et al (1968, S to c k well and Mea chi m (1979) as well as with our previous findings made in other mammalian species in various ontogenic periods (Horky 1980(Horky ,1986(Horky ,1987(Horky ,1989(Horky , 1991a. The view held by McCutchen (1966) and Maroudas (1973) that the chondrosynovial membrane develops by the ultrafiltration of synovial fluid through the surface cartilage layers seems questionable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The differentiation of articular cartilage from mesenchyma during skeleton development in various mammalian species, including man, has been well described in the literature (Ghadially 1983;Horky 1980Horky ,1983Horky ,1986Horky ,1987Horky , 1991a. Smooth movement of the synovial joint is facilitated by the surface layer of cartilage, while the middle and deep layers play important roles in resistance to loads and the distribution of pressure forces to the subchondral bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our observations of the surface layer of caprine cartilage during ontogeny are in good agreement with those of B 10 e b au m and Wi 1 son (1980) and CIa r k (1990). In the prenatal and early postnatal periods in the goat as well as in other mammalian species (Horky 1986(Horky ,1987(Horky , 1989(Horky , 1991a, the surface layer of catrilage has always included bundles of aperiodic fibrils arranged at some distance under the surface or immediately under the superficial layer of chondrocytes. It was distinctly seen that the bundles disentangled and individual fibrils became parts of the surrounding intercellular matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have been described in adult mice (S il b erg e r eta!. 1976), rabbits (B arn e tt et al 1963; Davies etal.1962),dogs(Lust etal.1972 Lust and Sherman 1973; Wiltberger and Lust 1975;Clark 1991; Greisen et al 1982), cattle (Horky 1983(Horky ,1987, pigs (Grondalen 1974c, f; Nakano et a!. 1979a, b; Bhatnagar et al 1981;Horky 1991f) and man (Ghadia11y andRoy 1969; Ghadia11y 1978 Ghadia11y ,1982Horky 1980;Bozd~ch etal.I990).…”

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The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

Horký¹

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

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Horky D.: The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny. Acta vet., Brno, 63,1994: 41-48. Articular cartilage from the hip joints of goats was studied in foetuses at 56 days after fertilization and in animals aged 33 and 77 days and 4 and 6 years.At 56 days after fertilization, the cartilage surface was covered with a chondrosynovial membrane. Underneath, parallel to the surface, there was a network of collagen fibrils With small bundles of aperiodic filaments amongst them. Chondroblasts were reminiscent of fibroblast Both the cells and intercellular matrix in all the layers had appearances usual for this stage of. development.At 33 and 77 days after birth, chondrocytes in the surface and middle layers were very rich in organelles, which is a feature characteristic of the synthesis of intercellular matrix. The surface layer contained collagen fibrils with periodicity. The deep layer chondrocytes contained glycogen deposits. The pericellular matrix was well developed.In adult animals, the surface of articular cartilage showed intact regions interspersed with areas of fibrillar appearance. Typical collagen fibres crossed at right angles and their mass prevailed over the ground amorphous substance. Chondrocytes of the deep layer contained diffusely distributed glycogen granules and large lipid vacuoles. Submicroscopic structure, articular cartilage, goatArticular cartilage is derived from mesenchyma during the skeletal development as a part of the cartilaginous blastema of the bone rudiment. This rudiment is restructured by ossification into the definite bone while the developed cartilage is adapted to facilitate locomotion of the organism. During ontogeny, the major components of cartilage, i. e., chondrocytes and intercellular matter, undergo a differentiation process leading to the development of articular cartilage in the prenatal period followed by further changes in the postnatal period. Together this is called the maturation process and is determined by genetical, endocrinological, nutritional and, particularly in the postnatalperiod,environmentalfactors (Ghadia11y 1978(Ghadia11y ,1982Perrin et al. 1978;Horky 1980Horky ,1986Horky ,1989Horky , 1991; B 0 z d ~ c h et al. 1990). Apart from species-specific characteristics, morphological changes are largely due to aging. They have been described in adult mice (S il b erg e r eta!. 1976), rabbits (B arn e tt et al. 1963; Davies etal.1962),dogs(Lust etal.1972 Lust and Sherman 1973; Wiltberger and Lust 1975;Clark 1991; Greisen et al. 1982), cattle (Horky 1983(Horky ,1987, pigs (Grondalen 1974c, f; Nakano et a!. 1979a, b; Bhatnagar et al. 1981;Horky 1991f) and man (Ghadia11y andRoy 1969; Ghadia11y 1978 Ghadia11y ,1982Horky 1980;Bozd~ch etal.I990).The review presented above is in sharp contrast with the lack of literature data on the articular cartilage in small ruminants. Only a few papers have been published dealing with the selected areas of articular cartilage and their functions (B roo m and Pool e 1982), allotransplants...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

Horký¹

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…1962;Barnett et aI. 1963), dogs (Lust et al 1972;Lust and Sherman 1973;Wiltberger and Lust 1975;Fife 1989), cattle (Horky 1983(Horky , 1987Neame et aI. 1989;Kiefer et aI.…”

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The Submicroscopic Structure of Articular Cartilage in the Adult pig

Horký¹

1993

Acta Vet. Brno

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Horky D.: The Submicroscopic StrUCture of Articular Cartilage in the Adult Pig. Acta vet. Bmo, 62,1993: 9-18. Articular cartilage collected from the femoral heads of 5 adult pigs of both sexes,_ aged 14-24 months, was studied by light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy.. . Chondrocytes of the surface layer were oval in shape and sent out short projections into the surrounding pericellular matrix. Their cytoplasm contained numerous lysosomes, transport vacuoles, centrioles and a well·formed Golgi apparatus and small deposits of glycogen. They were arranged in rows or tiers.Chondrocytes of the middle layer were oval cells enclosed by pairs in lacunae. Their nuclei had 1-2 nucleoli of reticular type. The zonula nucleum limitans was well developed. The cytoplasm contained a large number of mitochondria, cisternae of the granular endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi field, numerous transport vacuoles, lysosomes and conspicuous glycogen deposits.In the transitional zone, chondrocytes were arranged in tiers perpendicular to the surface. They were smaller in size and the cytoplasm contained, apart from the typical organelles, large bundles of intermediate filaments. Chondrocytes of the deep layer could be distinguished into those characterized by conspicuously large lipid vacuoles and those with homogeneous cytoplasm and small glycogen deposits.The pericellular matrix was well developed in the majority of chondrocytes; in the regions where it was missing the cell membrane was in contact with the intercellular matrix. In the middle layer, cell detritus was seen at the border between pericellular and intercellular matrix Submicroscopic structure, articular cartilage, adult swine Articular cartilage is an avascular, alymphatic and aneural tissue lining the articular bonesurface. Like other connective tissues it consists of cells -chondrocytes -deposited in an abun-· dance of the intercellular matrix. The chondrocytes account for only 0.01-0.1 % of the total cartilage volume. The intercellular matrix is made up of collagenous fibres, proteoglycans, and. organic and inorganic components. A proper function of the articular cartilage depends on its mechanical properties permitting it to a) transfer and distribute high pressure forces upon the subchondral bone; b) maintain the constant load at a relatively low level; c) facilitate movementat minimal friction (Wright

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Submicroscopic structure of canine articular cartilage

Horký¹,

Tichý²

2004

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Canine articular cartilage was studied in male dogs at age 1, 4, 5 and 8 years. Samples collected from four hip joints and two humeral joints in each age category were processed by standard methods to be examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The cartilage of both joints was similar in structure. In the superficial cartilage layer of one-year-old animals, individual spindle-shaped chondrocytes in the extracellular matrix were, together with associated collagen fibrils, located parallel to the surface. When viewed by scanning electron microscopy, they were distinctly prominent above the surrounding surface. Changes in the thickness and arrangement of both the chondrosynovial membrane and intercellular matrix were apparent in the 4-, 5- and 8-year-old animals, indicating the onset or progression of an osteoarthritic process. The middle cartilage layer in young animals showed elliptical chondrocytes occurring in pairs. The voluminous cytoplasm contained a great amount of granular endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi complex and numerous transport vesicles. The pericellular matrix, up to 1 µm thick, was composed of aperiodic fibrils. In the old animals the pericellular matrix was absent and was replaced by thick collagen fibrils with a marked periodicity. The deep cartilage layer in young dogs included groups of three to four chondrocytes situated in a common territory. The cytoplasm contained distinct bundles of intermediary filaments. The pericellular matrix occasionally formed septa between adjoining cells. The intracellular matrix included bundles of collagen fibrils arranged in a matted structure. In the old animals aggregation of chondrocytes into groups almost disappeared. The cytoplasm showed only short cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum, small numbers of mitochondria and transport vesicles, frequent lipid droplets and small glycogen deposits. The intercellular matrix consisted of only short collagen fibrils with no distinct periodicity.

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Submicroscopic Structure of Bovine Articular Cartilage in Prenatal and Early Postnatal Period

Abstract: Ho r k y D.: Subm~c~o~cop~c StAuct~e 06 Bov~ne Anticul~ C~ge ~n P~enata1 and E~y Po~~natal Peftvtod. Acta vet. Brno,56,1987:3-18.

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

The Submicroscopic Structure of Articular Cartilage in the Adult pig

Submicroscopic structure of canine articular cartilage

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