Submicroscopic Structure of Articular Cartilage in Human Embrya Six to Eleven Weeks Old

Horký, Drahomír

doi:10.2754/avb199160010015

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The development of the chondrosynovial membrane in the goat during ontogeny was in agreement with the observations of Wolf (1975), McConaill (1951), W eis s et al (1968, S to c k well and Mea chi m (1979) as well as with our previous findings made in other mammalian species in various ontogenic periods (Horky 1980(Horky ,1986(Horky ,1987(Horky ,1989(Horky , 1991a. The view held by McCutchen (1966) and Maroudas (1973) that the chondrosynovial membrane develops by the ultrafiltration of synovial fluid through the surface cartilage layers seems questionable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The differentiation of articular cartilage from mesenchyma during skeleton development in various mammalian species, including man, has been well described in the literature (Ghadially 1983;Horky 1980Horky ,1983Horky ,1986Horky ,1987Horky , 1991a. Smooth movement of the synovial joint is facilitated by the surface layer of cartilage, while the middle and deep layers play important roles in resistance to loads and the distribution of pressure forces to the subchondral bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our observations of the surface layer of caprine cartilage during ontogeny are in good agreement with those of B 10 e b au m and Wi 1 son (1980) and CIa r k (1990). In the prenatal and early postnatal periods in the goat as well as in other mammalian species (Horky 1986(Horky ,1987(Horky , 1989(Horky , 1991a, the surface layer of catrilage has always included bundles of aperiodic fibrils arranged at some distance under the surface or immediately under the superficial layer of chondrocytes. It was distinctly seen that the bundles disentangled and individual fibrils became parts of the surrounding intercellular matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

Horký¹

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

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Horky D.: The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny. Acta vet., Brno, 63,1994: 41-48. Articular cartilage from the hip joints of goats was studied in foetuses at 56 days after fertilization and in animals aged 33 and 77 days and 4 and 6 years.At 56 days after fertilization, the cartilage surface was covered with a chondrosynovial membrane. Underneath, parallel to the surface, there was a network of collagen fibrils With small bundles of aperiodic filaments amongst them. Chondroblasts were reminiscent of fibroblast Both the cells and intercellular matrix in all the layers had appearances usual for this stage of. development.At 33 and 77 days after birth, chondrocytes in the surface and middle layers were very rich in organelles, which is a feature characteristic of the synthesis of intercellular matrix. The surface layer contained collagen fibrils with periodicity. The deep layer chondrocytes contained glycogen deposits. The pericellular matrix was well developed.In adult animals, the surface of articular cartilage showed intact regions interspersed with areas of fibrillar appearance. Typical collagen fibres crossed at right angles and their mass prevailed over the ground amorphous substance. Chondrocytes of the deep layer contained diffusely distributed glycogen granules and large lipid vacuoles. Submicroscopic structure, articular cartilage, goatArticular cartilage is derived from mesenchyma during the skeletal development as a part of the cartilaginous blastema of the bone rudiment. This rudiment is restructured by ossification into the definite bone while the developed cartilage is adapted to facilitate locomotion of the organism. During ontogeny, the major components of cartilage, i. e., chondrocytes and intercellular matter, undergo a differentiation process leading to the development of articular cartilage in the prenatal period followed by further changes in the postnatal period. Together this is called the maturation process and is determined by genetical, endocrinological, nutritional and, particularly in the postnatalperiod,environmentalfactors (Ghadia11y 1978(Ghadia11y ,1982Perrin et al. 1978;Horky 1980Horky ,1986Horky ,1989Horky , 1991; B 0 z d ~ c h et al. 1990). Apart from species-specific characteristics, morphological changes are largely due to aging. They have been described in adult mice (S il b erg e r eta!. 1976), rabbits (B arn e tt et al. 1963; Davies etal.1962),dogs(Lust etal.1972 Lust and Sherman 1973; Wiltberger and Lust 1975;Clark 1991; Greisen et al. 1982), cattle (Horky 1983(Horky ,1987, pigs (Grondalen 1974c, f; Nakano et a!. 1979a, b; Bhatnagar et al. 1981;Horky 1991f) and man (Ghadia11y andRoy 1969; Ghadia11y 1978 Ghadia11y ,1982Horky 1980;Bozd~ch etal.I990).The review presented above is in sharp contrast with the lack of literature data on the articular cartilage in small ruminants. Only a few papers have been published dealing with the selected areas of articular cartilage and their functions (B roo m and Pool e 1982), allotransplants...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

Horký¹

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…1962;Barnett et a!. 1963), mouse (Silberger et al 1976), rat (Mark et al 1989), dog (Lust et al 1972;Wiltberger and Lust 1975;Fife 1989), cattle (Franzen 1981;Horky 1983Horky , 1987Jeffery et al 1991;Neame et al 1989;Kiefer et al 1989), pig (Nakano et al 1979;Bhatnagar et al 1981;Horky 1989Horky , 1991c and man (Ghadially 1983;Horky 1980Horky , 1991aBozdech et al 1990). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies mentioned above were generally concerned with adult individuals, only occasionally has the ultrastructure of articular cartilage been investigated before birth as, for instance, by Horky (1989Horky ( , 1991a in the prenatal pig and human embryo. Since in the domestic cat, no data on the submicroscopic structure of articular cartilage in the prenatal period have ever been reported, it was decided to undertake this study and supply them.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Ultrastructure of Articular Cartilage in the Prenatal Domestic Cat

Horký¹

1993

Acta Vet. Brno

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Horky D.: The Ultrastructure of Articular Cartilage in the Prenatal Domestic Cat. Acta vet. Brno, 62,1993: 115-120.The articular cartilage of 11 foetuses of the domestic cat, both males and females, was studied at 30, 40 and 48 days after fertilization. The tissue samples were collected from the femoral heads and processed by standard methods for observation by light and transmission electron microscopy.In the period studied, the cartilage surface was covered with the chondrosynovial membrane. Bundles of aperiodic filaments were seen under as well as on the cartilage surface, being a part of the membrane structure. Collagen fibrils, found in low numbers, were running in various directions in the ground amorphous substance.Chondrocytes in the surface layer were situated in two parallel rows. They had oval or spindle-like shapes, contained large nuclei and few organelles in the cytoplasm. Glycogen and lipid droplets occurred rarely. Occasional chondrocytes with atypical cilia were seen in the surface and deep layers. Of interest was a finding of erythrocytes in the intercellular matrix of the deep layer. Ultrastructure, articular cartilage, domestic cat, prenatal developmentThe SUbmicroscopic structure of adult articular cartilage has been know since 1959 (Zelander) and light and electron microscopic studies have provided a great deal of detailed information in various mammalian species, such as rabbit (Davies et a

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Submicroscopic structure of canine articular cartilage

Horký¹,

Tichý²

2004

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Canine articular cartilage was studied in male dogs at age 1, 4, 5 and 8 years. Samples collected from four hip joints and two humeral joints in each age category were processed by standard methods to be examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The cartilage of both joints was similar in structure. In the superficial cartilage layer of one-year-old animals, individual spindle-shaped chondrocytes in the extracellular matrix were, together with associated collagen fibrils, located parallel to the surface. When viewed by scanning electron microscopy, they were distinctly prominent above the surrounding surface. Changes in the thickness and arrangement of both the chondrosynovial membrane and intercellular matrix were apparent in the 4-, 5- and 8-year-old animals, indicating the onset or progression of an osteoarthritic process. The middle cartilage layer in young animals showed elliptical chondrocytes occurring in pairs. The voluminous cytoplasm contained a great amount of granular endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi complex and numerous transport vesicles. The pericellular matrix, up to 1 µm thick, was composed of aperiodic fibrils. In the old animals the pericellular matrix was absent and was replaced by thick collagen fibrils with a marked periodicity. The deep cartilage layer in young dogs included groups of three to four chondrocytes situated in a common territory. The cytoplasm contained distinct bundles of intermediary filaments. The pericellular matrix occasionally formed septa between adjoining cells. The intracellular matrix included bundles of collagen fibrils arranged in a matted structure. In the old animals aggregation of chondrocytes into groups almost disappeared. The cytoplasm showed only short cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum, small numbers of mitochondria and transport vesicles, frequent lipid droplets and small glycogen deposits. The intercellular matrix consisted of only short collagen fibrils with no distinct periodicity.

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Submicroscopic Structure of Articular Cartilage in Human Embrya Six to Eleven Weeks Old

Abstract: Horky D

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

The submicroscopic structure of caprine articular cartilage in ontogeny

The Ultrastructure of Articular Cartilage in the Prenatal Domestic Cat

Submicroscopic structure of canine articular cartilage

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