Submarine networks: evolution, not revolution

Gautheron, O.

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2008.10.011

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Following [31], it is assumed that the physical topology under consideration supports up to 5,000 km length of lightpath (maximum achievable OR) at 10 Gbps transmission rate.…”

Section: Physical Topology and Link Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On methodologies to estimate optical-layer power consumption and cost for long-haul WDM networks with optical reach constraint

2014

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This paper deals with the methodologies to obtain the estimates of optical-layer power consumption and cost for long-haul optical networks using wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM) with IP-over-WDM and IPover-MPLS-over-WDM network settings. Such optical networks generally employ wavelength routing at intermediate nodes and are known as wavelength-routed optical networks (WRONs). In WRON-based long-haul networks, optical reach (OR) of a transponder represents the maximum distance over which its optical signal can travel without any optical/electrical/optical regeneration and plays a significant role in deciding the power consumption and cost of the optical layer. In IP-over-WDM network setting, IP routers are directly interfaced with WRON and bandwidth requests are equal to the lightpath capacity. In IP-over-MPLS-over-WDM network setting, IP routers are interfaced with WRON via MPLS routers and bandwidth requests arrive as labelswitched paths, which are generally lower than the lightpath capacity. We examine the above networks with mixed-OR nodes (transponders in each WRON node having different OR values but all transmitting at 10 Gbps) and fixed-OR nodes (transponders in each WRON node having same OR value and 10 Gbps transmission rate). In this investigation, two types of control planes are considered, namely unified control plane and isolated control plane. The network with unified control plane supports automated and dynamic resource provisioning for both short-term and longterm bandwidth requests. The study on nonautomated network using isolated control plane considers resource provisioning only for long-term bandwidth requests. Simulationbased network provisioning is carried out using C++, considering appropriate traffic models, OR constraints, node configurations and network architectures. The results of our simulations indicate in general how OR of the transponders can influence the total network cost and power consumption in optical layer. Overall, the nonautomated networks with mixed-OR configuration are found to save power and offer lower cost with respect to fixed-OR configuration, while the automated networks with mixed-OR configuration can save power while the cost increases with respect to fixed-OR option.Keywords IP-over-WDM · IP-over-MPLS-over-WDM · Label-switched path · Optical reach · Unified control plane · Isolated control plane · Fixed-OR · Mixed-OR

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“…Following [31], it is assumed that the physical topology under consideration supports up to 5,000 km length of lightpath (maximum achievable OR) at 10 Gbps transmission rate.…”

Section: Physical Topology and Link Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On methodologies to estimate optical-layer power consumption and cost for long-haul WDM networks with optical reach constraint

2014

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“…The recent evolution in extending the OR comes from the terminal performance (such as, using error correcting codes and efficient modulation formats) which allows longer OR along with large number of wavelengths and high per-channel transmission speed [6]. Typically Asia-America-Gateway link has a length of 6641 km supporting 102 wavelengths, 10 Gbps transmission capacity and EDFA spacing of 78 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of optical reach on wavelength-routed optical networks

2010

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Optical Reach (OR) is the maximum distance along a route of wavelength-routed optical network (WRON), over which an optical signal can travel without any optical/electrical/optical (O/E/O) regeneration. In the first phase, this paper determines the required maximum optical transmit power at source nodes to achieve a given network-wide OR for a specified maximum number of intermediate nodes in the WRON topology under consideration. Subsequently, the paper examines the impact of OR on dynamically-provisioned WRONs, considering transparent (without O/E/O) as well as translucent (with O/E/O) scenarios.

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Lightwave Systems

2010

Fiber‐Optic Communication Systems

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Submarine networks: evolution, not revolution

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

On methodologies to estimate optical-layer power consumption and cost for long-haul WDM networks with optical reach constraint

On methodologies to estimate optical-layer power consumption and cost for long-haul WDM networks with optical reach constraint

Impact of optical reach on wavelength-routed optical networks

Lightwave Systems

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