Submandibular Gland Reduction Using Botulinum Toxin Type A for a Smooth Jawline

Jung, Gyu Sik; Cho, In Kook; Sung, Hyung Min

doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002192

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Botulinum toxin injection of the salivary glands is used to treat sialorrhea, salivary fistulae, first bite syndrome, Frey syndrome and sialoadenitis [ 23 ]. Cosmetic off-label use has been reported in literature due to its parenchymal atrophy effects in order to reduce gland volume thus performing facial recontouring [ 24 ]. This treatment, reported to be possible in both percutaneous and intraductal infusion, could be used to treat those parotidomegaly cases refractory to the sialendoscopic therapy [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional sialendoscopy in parotidomegaly related to eating disorders

et al. 2021

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Background To evaluate the viability and efficacy of sialendoscopy for the management of parotidomegaly related to eating disorders, 6 patients suffering from eating disorders and recurring symptoms of glandular swelling were followed up at the Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, AOU University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”. After the detection of the impaired gland through clinical and radiographical analysis, the diagnostic unit was introduced into the duct and was advanced in, reaching the ductal system. Plaques were washed out, any strictures were dilated both by hydrostatic pressure application and steroid solution injection directly in the fibrotic area. Results Both glands resulted affected in 83% of patients. 11 parotid glands were explored and treated. Strictures were found in 2 glands (33%), sialectasis in 3 glands (50%), strictures and sialectasis together in 1 glands (17%). In 3 parotid glands (50%) Stenon’s duct was affected, in two (33%) only secondary ducts, in 1 (17%) both. We reached symptomatic improvement in 5 patients (83%), reporting the spherical volume of the parotid region and pain reduction. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that sialendoscopy is a safe and effective therapeutic method to treat EDs salivary symptoms. Treating the underlining psychiatric pathology should be the primary goal in patient care to lower the possible recurrence rate and increase the successful outcome of this technique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional sialendoscopy in parotidomegaly related to eating disorders

et al. 2021

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“…As for the importance of this boundary, the submandibular gland is located outside this boundary which is important (Evidence A) (Fig. 2) [5]. Second, as the inf border, the hyoid bone is used as a landmarker (Evidence A), and it is important to confirm the location of the hyoid bone by swallowing the patient's saliva.…”

Section: Anatomical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One another anatomical consideration to be taken is the patient's submental fat thickness (Evidence A) [5]. For the purpose of comparing effectiveness, it is recommended to have an ultrasound examination, which is especially helpful in determining the length of the needle to be used for injection.…”

Section: Anatomical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Guideline: Deoxycholic Acid Injection for Submental Fat Reduction

Kim¹,

Ree²,

Park³

et al. 2022

Korean Association For Laser Dernatology And Trichology

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Background and ObjectivesThis purpose is to present guidelines for anatomical structure and correct injection method that must be known when injecting deoxycholic acid (DC), which is used for the purpose of reducing fat volume for submental fat hypertrophy. Materials and MethodsThe papers related to injectables used for fat volume reduction from 2000 to 2022 were searched on Google Scholar, related contents were summarized, and clinical photos of DC injection patients from November 2021 to June 2022 were compared and presented. ResultsAnatomically, it is necessary to be careful when injecting the marginal mandibular nerve, mental artery, and submandibular gland. In particular, accurately measure the thickness of each patient's submental fat. Care should be taken not to cause skin damage by injection. Therefore, it is most important to inject after confirming the anatomical boundary with ultrasound. ConclusionDC injection, which is performed after confirming major anatomical areas using ultrasound and accurate measurement of fat thickness, is effective way to reduce double chin fat volume.

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“…In addition, BoNT-A is used to treat focal hyperhidrosis in the axilla, forehead, hand, and scalp. It has recently been used for facial contouring that combined facial liposuction and facelift by using submandibular salivary gland atrophy as an adverse effect of BoNT-A [ 23 ]. We classify these various cosmetic uses according to the involved nervous system to expand the therapeutic indications of BoNT by knowing basic anatomy.…”

Section: The Classification Of Aesthetic Indications According To Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific review of the aesthetic uses of botulinum toxin type A

Park

Ahn²

2021

Arch Craniofac Surg

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Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for temporary improvement of glabellar lines in patients 65 years and younger in 2002, and has also been used widely for aesthetic purposes such as hyperhidrosis, body shape contouring, and other noninvasive facial procedures. BoNT-A inhibits presynaptic exocytosis of acetylcholine (ACh)-containing vesicles into the neuromuscular junction at cholinergic nerve endings of the peripheral nervous system, thereby paralyzing skeletal muscles. ACh is the most broadly used neurotransmitter in the somatic nervous system, preganglionic and postganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerves, and preganglionic fibers or postganglionic sudomotor nerves of sympathetic nerves. The scientific basis for using BoNT-A in various cosmetic procedures is that its function goes beyond the dual role of muscle paralysis and neuromodulation by inhibiting the secretion of ACh. Although the major target organs for aesthetic procedures are facial expression muscles, skeletal body muscles, salivary glands, and sweat glands, which are innervated by the somatic or autonomic nerves of the peripheral cholinergic nerve system, few studies have attempted to directly explain the anatomy of the areas targeted for injection by addressing the neural physiology and rationale for specific aesthetic applications of BoNT-A therapy. In this article, we classify the various cosmetic uses of BoNT-A according to the relevant component of the peripheral nervous system, and describe scientific theories regarding the anatomy and physiology of the cholinergic nervous system. We also review critical physiological factors and conditions influencing the efficacy of BoNT-A for the rational aesthetic use of BoNT-A. We hope that this comprehensive review helps promote management policies to support long-term, safe, successful practice. Furthermore, based on this, we look forward to developing and expanding new advanced indications for the aesthetic use of BoNT-A in the future.

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Submandibular Gland Reduction Using Botulinum Toxin Type A for a Smooth Jawline

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Interventional sialendoscopy in parotidomegaly related to eating disorders

Interventional sialendoscopy in parotidomegaly related to eating disorders

Clinical Guideline: Deoxycholic Acid Injection for Submental Fat Reduction

Scientific review of the aesthetic uses of botulinum toxin type A

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