Sublimation study of anhydrous ferric chloride

Blairs, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jct.2005.12.012

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“… a The atomic data of ref were used for the calculation. Crystal formation enthalpy (FeF 3 : −1041.8 and) and entropies (FeF 3 : 98.3 and FeCl 3 : 142.2 J/mol.K) are from ref , and formation enthalpy of FeCl 3 (−396.0 kJ/mol) is from ref . b Ref . …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enthalpy of sublimation can be calculated as the difference of the enthalpies of formation of the gas-phase iron trichloride dimer and the iron trichloride crystal, these are also given in Table . While the enthalpy of sublimation for the monomer FeCl 3 , 146.4 kJ/mol, is only slightly higher than that for the dimer, 141.7 kJ/mol, the free energies of sublimation (FeCl 3 : 85.9 and Fe 2 Cl 6 : 68.9 kJ/mol) already suggest larger vapor pressure for the dimer, indicating that this is mostly an entropy effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-Phase Structures of Iron Trihalides: A Computational Study of all Iron Trihalides and an Electron Diffraction Study of Iron Trichloride

2010

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The molecular structures of the monomers and dimers of all iron trihalides, FeF(3), FeCl(3), FeBr(3), and FeI(3), were determined by computations, and the structure of iron trichloride monomers and dimers was determined also by gas-phase electron diffraction. The thermal-average bond length, r(g), of FeCl(3) is 2.136(5) A, and the estimated equilibrium bond length from experiment, 2.122(6) A, is in excellent agreement with the computed value. Vibrational and thermodynamic properties have also been calculated for all species. The stability of iron trihalides decreases toward the iodide; neither the bromide nor the iodide can be evaporated without decomposition. The structures of isomers of trimers and tetramers for iron trichloride have also been calculated. The connection between the gas-phase and crystal-phase structures and the exceptional stability of the dimer is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Phase Structures of Iron Trihalides: A Computational Study of all Iron Trihalides and an Electron Diffraction Study of Iron Trichloride

2010

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“…As the saturated vapor pressure of FeCl3 at 20 °C is very low [46], the excess FeCl3; i.e., not participating in the formation of PEDOT, could condensate on the film during its deposition and partly decompose into sub-chlorides which, in turn, could be hydrolyzed to iron hydroxides upon exposure to air. These results indicate that the investigated FeCl3/EDOT ratios are systematically larger than the optimum one resulting in films with the highest electrical conductivity and lowest impurities.…”

Section: Fecl3/edot Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

An out of the box vision over oxidative chemical vapor deposition of PEDOT involving sublimed iron trichloride

et al. 2020

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Oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) is an efficient technique to produce highly conductive films of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Despite numerous studies on the oCVD of PEDOT films, there is limited information on the stability of the sublimation of solid oxidants and on their impact on the polymerization reactions. In this work, we use an in situ Quartz Crystal Microbalance to monitor film formation over time. Through a series of deposition experiments between 20 °C and 100 °C and for FeCl3/EDOT molar gas ratios between 17.3 and 75.3, we analyze in detail the correlations between process parameters and film morphology, composition, surface topography and electrical conductivity on 10 cm silicon wafers. By using multiple substrates at different positions into the reactor, we demonstrate that the formation of PEDOT occurs uniformly through purely surface reactions, following step growth polymerization principles. These results pave the way towards highly conductive oCVD PEDOT films processed from convenient solid oxidants.

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“…24 According to the previous research report on the sublimation of FeCl 3 (s) in the range of 150−300 °C, the dominant species in the vapor are FeCl 3 (g) and Fe 2 Cl 6 (g) in equilibrium with FeCl 3 (s). 25 pressure of the FeCl 3 (g)/Fe 2 Cl 6 (g) is small in the temperature range of 150−300 °C, the derived vapor is enough to be used as catalyst for oxidative coupling reaction due to the full contact of the catalytic vapor and monomers. 26 Up to now, catalytic vapor is nearly disregarded for preparation of POPs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers Via Catalytic Vapor-Assisted Solvent-Free Method

et al. 2022

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Solvent-free synthesis is one kind of important approach for the preparation of porous materials. However, the catalytic vapor generated during these processes is limitedly reported. Herein, a novel catalytic vapor-assisted solvent-free method was established for the preparation of porous organic polymers (POPs) by application of catalytic vapor derived from ferric chloride. After investigating the decisive factors of this approach, its versatility is examined by synthesizing POPs from multitudinous monomers. Most importantly, this study provides evidence that catalytic vapor is a simple and efficient catalyst to a general synthetic pathway for POPs. The catalytic vapor-assisted solvent-free method for the preparation of POPs proposed in this paper provides a feasible idea for the development of chemical vapor synthesis for porous materials.

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Sublimation study of anhydrous ferric chloride

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Gas-Phase Structures of Iron Trihalides: A Computational Study of all Iron Trihalides and an Electron Diffraction Study of Iron Trichloride

Gas-Phase Structures of Iron Trihalides: A Computational Study of all Iron Trihalides and an Electron Diffraction Study of Iron Trichloride

An out of the box vision over oxidative chemical vapor deposition of PEDOT involving sublimed iron trichloride

Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers Via Catalytic Vapor-Assisted Solvent-Free Method

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