Sublethal Effects of Cyantraniliprole and Imidacloprid on Feeding Behavior and Life Table Parameters ofMyzus persicae(Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an agricultural pest that seriously infests many crops worldwide. This study used electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) and life table parameters to estimate the sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid on the feeding behavior and hormesis of M. persicae The sublethal concentrations (LC30) of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid against adult M. persicae were 4.933 and 0.541 mg L(-1), respectively. The feeding data obtained from EPG analysis indicated that the count probes and number of short probes (<3 min) were significantly increased when aphids were exposed to LC30 of imidacloprid-treated plants. In addition, the phloem-feeding behavior of M persicae was significantly impaired on fed tobacco plants treated with cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid at LC30 Analysis of life table parameters indicated that the growth and reproduction of F1 generation aphids were significantly affected when initial adults were exposed to LC30 of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid. The nymphal period, female longevity, total preoviposition period, and mean generation time were significantly prolonged when initial adults were exposed to LC30 of imidacloprid. By comparison, these parameters were prolonged but not significantly in the cyantraniliprole treatment. The fecundity and gross reproductive rate were significantly increased in the treated groups. Similarly, the net reproductive rate was greater in the treated group than the control group. Our results indicate that treatment with LC30 of imidacloprid and cyantraniliprole would lead to a hormetic response of M. persicae, with higher likelihood of occurrence when initial adults were exposed to LC30 of cyantraniliprole.

Effects of Aphidius gifuensis on the feeding behavior and potato virus Y transmission ability of Myzus persicae

“…Persistent aphid-transmitted viruses are acquired from plants by aphids performing passive phloem ingestion (E2 waveform) and are inoculated into plants by salivation into the phloem sieve elements (E1 waveform) (Zeng et al, 2016). In the present study, reductions in the proportion of individuals that produced E1 and E2 waveforms, on the duration of the first E waveform, on the total duration of the E2 waveform, and the percentage of time spent ingesting in the phloem phase were obtained when aphids parasitized on day 5 fed on the plants (Table 1, variables 13,14 and 18,and Fig.…”

“…The EPG waveforms were categorized as previously described (Tjallingii, 1994;Zeng et al, 2016). Seven distinct waveforms were identified in this study: np, C, potential drop (pd), F, G, E1 and E2.…”

Sublethal and transgenerational effects of dinotefuran on biological parameters and behavioural traits of the mirid bug Apolygus lucorum

“…They selectively act as agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), preventing signal transduction and in turn resulting in a lasting impairment of the nervous system and the death of insect 12,13 , and such insecticides have been used to control aphids, whiteflies and thrips in many agricultural crops 14 . In addition to kill the pests directly, these insecticides also exhibited sublethal effects on the physiological and behavioural traits of insect pests, such as survival 15,16 , development duration 17-19 , fecundity 16,18,20-22 , and feeding behaviour [23][24][25][26][27] Pan et al 18 observed reduction in adult longevity, oviposition period, fecundity, and egg hatching rate but an increase in the pre-oviposition period of A. lucorum at either LD 10 or LD 40 of cycloxaprid. Daniels et al 27 reported that a sublethal dose of thiamethoxam (0.8 mg L −1 ) reduced xylem feeding by Rhopalosiphum padi.…”

“…Daniels et al 27 reported that a sublethal dose of thiamethoxam (0.8 mg L −1 ) reduced xylem feeding by Rhopalosiphum padi. Thus, the sublethal effects caused by these insecticides should be rigorously assessed to determine the response characteristics of insect pests.Electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) are an effective tool to study the feeding behaviour of sap-sucking pests such as aphids [23][24][25]27 . However, phytophagous mirids produce no salivary sheath 28 and perform macerating or lacerating behaviour [28][29][30][31] .…”

“…Fortunately, the biological meaning of the feeding waveforms in a few species of mirid bugs was recently clarified in several studies 29,32,33 . Additionally, EPGs were also applied to reveal the impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides on the feeding behaviour in Aphis gossypii 24,34 , Myzus persicae 23,35 , Sitobion avenae 25 , and R. padi 27,36 . Cui et al 25 found that cycloxaprid significantly increased the total length of non-probing periods and inhibited the phloem ingestion of S. avenae.…”