Subjective, Psychomotor, Cognitive, and Analgesic Effects of Subanesthetic Concentrations of Sevoflurane and Nitrous Oxide 

Abstract

Sevoflurane and nitrous oxide produced different profiles of subjective, behavioral, and cognitive effects, with sevoflurane, in general, producing an overall greater magnitude of effect. The differences in effects between sevoflurane and nitrous oxide are consistent with the differences in their chemical nature and putative mechanisms of action.

Intraoperative Infusion of 0.6–0.9 µg · kg−1 · min−1 Remifentanil Induces Acute Tolerance in Young Children after Laparoscopic Ureteroneocystostomy

“…however, it is generally accepted that subanesthetic concentrations of inhalation anesthetics have no hypoalgesic or hyperalgesic effects. [27][28][29] It is thus unlikely that residual sevoflurane confounded our results. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between inhaled anesthesia and the development of acute opioid tolerance.…”

An additive factor analysis of the effect of sub-anaesthetic doses of nitrous oxide on information processing: evidence for an impairment of the motor adjustment stage

“…These effects appear to be related to opioid and/or benzodiazepine-like actions (Hynes and Berkowitz 1979;Gillmann et al 1986;Quock et al 1992;Czech and Quock 1993;Emmanouil et al 1994;Czech 1995;Courtire and Hardouin 1997). The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanaesthetic doses of N 2 O have been studied in humans (Garfield et al 1975;Fowler et al 1983Fowler et al , 1985Fowler et al , 1988Fowler et al , 1989Zacny et al 1994;Cheam et al 1995;Fried et al 1995;Galinkin et al 1997) and may be investigated by using the reaction time (RT) paradigm. Within this paradigm, the additive factor method (AFM, Sternberg 1969Sternberg , 1998 has proved to be a valuable tool (Sternberg 2001).…”

Avaliação dos parâmetros derivados do eletroencefalograma durante administração de diferentes concentrações de óxido nitroso

“…In clinical practice, it is difficult to use concentrations above 50% for the high incidence of side effects, such as nausea, anxiety and vomiting, also documented by other authors 7 . A different study has shown a mild decrease in the level of responsiveness, classified as disorientation, with 30% N 2 O 20 . Other authors have observed that 20% and 30% N 2 O may impair explicit memory, immediate consciousness and subjective sensations 21,22 .…”

“…Na prática clínica, encontramos dificuldade em utilizar concentrações acima de 50%, pela alta incidência de efeitos colaterais como náuseas, ansiedade e vômitos, também documentados por outros autores 7 . Outro estudo mostrou uma pequena redução no grau de responsividade, classificada por desorientação, com N 2 O a 30% 20 . Outros autores observaram que o N 2 O a 20% e a 30% causaram prejuízo nos níveis de memória explícita, consciência imediata e sensações subjetivas 21,22 .…”