Subjective Distress about COVID-19 and Its Social Correlates: Empirical Evidence from Hubei Province of China

Zhou, Min; Guo, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.026

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Our finding classifying most participants' responses within the normal range of depression and anxiety levels is consistent with other studies that measured depression and anxiety levels during the pandemic using different psychometric tools [23]. In terms of COVID-19 traumatic distress levels, 76% of our participants reported experiencing normal levels, which is consistent with some studies that used the IES-R [69,81], but not consistent with other studies that employed the same tool [80,82]. These discrepancies in findings across studies suggest that it is imperative to measure levels of COVID-19 traumatic distress frequently, across different time points and across different contexts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Traumatic Distress of COVID-19 and Depression in the General Population: Exploring the Role of Resilience, Anxiety, and Hope

Nearchou

Douglas

2021

IJERPH

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International evidence published so far shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted on global mental health. Specifically, there is some research suggesting that the psychological distress related to depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress has impacted on the psychological well-being of the general population. Yet, there is limited evidence on the relational paths between COVID-19 traumatic distress and depression. Participants of this cross-sectional study were 456 adults 18 years old or older from the general population (Mean age = 41.2 years, SD = 11.7) who completed an online questionnaire including measures assessing depression, anxiety, resilience, hope and traumatic distress related to COVID-19. Structural equation modelling was applied to examine the proposed mediation model. The results confirmed the proposed model, with traumatic distress of COVID-19, resilience, anxiety and hope explaining a considerable amount of variance (59%) in depression scores. Traumatic distress of COVID-19 was a strong positive predictor of depression, while anxiety, hope and resilience were both joint and unique mediators of this relationship. Exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic is strongly associated with depression in adults of the general population. The co-occurrence of anxiety may negatively contribute to experiencing higher levels of depression, while resilience and hope may act as buffers against depression associated with the impact of this pandemic. Our findings suggest that wide community-based interventions designed to promote resilience, build hope and reduce anxiety may help mitigate depression associated with exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Traumatic Distress of COVID-19 and Depression in the General Population: Exploring the Role of Resilience, Anxiety, and Hope

Nearchou

Douglas

2021

IJERPH

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“… 2020 ; Tull et al . 2020 ), and loneliness was associated with PTSS (González‐Sanguino et al ., 2021; Zhou & Guo, 2021 ), and psychological distress (Liu et al . 2021 ; Lorant et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loneliness, alienation, decreased social activity and support during COVID‐19‐related lockdown have been associated with PTSS (Hong et al . 2021 ; Zhou & Guo, 2021 ), increased risk of psychological distress (Liu et al . 2021 ; Lorant et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐traumatic stress symptoms during the first and second COVID‐19 lockdown in Greece: Rates, risk, and protective factors

Kalaitzaki

Tsouvelas

Tamiolaki

et al. 2021

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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The aim was to (i) compare the rates of perceived stress, post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and other potential correlates (i.e., resilience, social support, coping strategies, and loneliness) in the general population between the two COVID‐19 lockdowns in Greece and (ii) explore risk and protective factors of PTSS. Online data were collected amid the first (timepoint 1‐T1) and second lockdown (timepoint 2‐T2) by 1009 and 352 participants, respectively. The PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 and the Perceived Stress Scale measured levels of PTSS and perceived stress. The Brief Resilience Scale, the COPE, the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument measured resilience, coping strategies, loneliness, and social support, respectively. Higher levels of PTSS and perceived stress were reported during T2, compared to T1. Clinically significant levels of PTSS were presented by 26.1% and 35.5% of the participants during T1 and T2, respectively. Higher levels of loneliness and use of maladaptive coping strategies and lower levels of social support, resilience and use of adaptive coping strategies were also found. During both lockdowns, PTSS were predicted by perceived stress, loneliness, reduced resilience and the coping strategies of denial and self‐blame. PTSS were associated with younger age, female gender, being single, not having children, and the evaluation of the pandemic as a crisis. The findings highlight the significant public mental health concerns during the COVID‐19 lockdowns. Understanding the risk and protective factors against PTSS and focusing on vulnerable populations should be prioritized by the governments worldwide in the development of evidence‐based interventions.

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“…As time progressed, the level of satisfaction with preventative measures in Wuhan residents gradually increased, their level of panic gradually decreased, and their confidence in defeating the epidemic gradually increased. In fact, by conducting strict lockdown orders, people may feel less psychological stress because their physical distance to the virus increased ( 19 ). These psychosocial changes were consistent with the score of Wuhan residents and the impressions reported by the media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Psychosocial and Behavioral Responses in the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large Survey in China

Yang

Xian

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Background: The COVID-19 has grown into a global pandemic. This study investigated the public psychosocial and behavioral responses through different time periods of the pandemic, and assessed whether these changes are different in age, gender, and region.Methods: A three-phase survey was conducted through the DaDui Social Q&A Software for COVID-19. A total of 13,214 effective responses of COVID-19 were collected. Statistical analysis was performed based on their basic information and psychosocial responses.Results: The degree of attention, understanding, and cooperation with preventive and control measures of the disease increased and then decreased. The panic level gradually increased with the epidemic process. The degree of satisfaction with management measures and of confidence in defeating COVID-19 increased throughout the survey. Compared with residents in other areas, respondents from the COVID-19 epicenter (Wuhan) reported a higher degree of self-protection during the outbreak and a significantly lower degree of satisfaction with respect to government prevention and control measures during all phases. Shortages of medical supplies and low testing capacity were reported as the biggest shortcoming in the prevention and control strategies during COVID-19, and an abundance of disorderly and inaccurate information from different sources was the primary cause of panic.Conclusions and Relevance: Major public health events elicit psychosocial and behavioral changes that reflect the different phases of the biologic curve. Sufficient medical supplies and improved organization and accurate information during epidemics may reduce panic and improve compliance with requested changes in behavior. We need to recognize this natural phenomenon and our public policy preparedness should attempt to move the social/psychological curve to the left in order to minimize and flatten the biologic curve.

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Subjective Distress about COVID-19 and Its Social Correlates: Empirical Evidence from Hubei Province of China

Cited by 23 publications

References 61 publications

Traumatic Distress of COVID-19 and Depression in the General Population: Exploring the Role of Resilience, Anxiety, and Hope

Traumatic Distress of COVID-19 and Depression in the General Population: Exploring the Role of Resilience, Anxiety, and Hope

Post‐traumatic stress symptoms during the first and second COVID‐19 lockdown in Greece: Rates, risk, and protective factors

Public Psychosocial and Behavioral Responses in the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large Survey in China

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