Subjective and objective sleep quality in elderly individuals: The role of psychogeriatric evaluation

Introduction: Population aging is a progressive demographic phenomenon observed in all countries worldwide. The progressive global process of population aging poses many threats, especially in the context of the mental health of the elderly. Third Age Universities are an essential preventive measure shown to improve the quality of life and psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the mental status of older persons attending Third Age Universities in Poland, with particular emphasis on sociodemographic sources of variance in psychological indices. Methods: The study included a group of the Third Age University program participants from Poland. A total of 247 persons were enrolled, among them 215 women and 32 men. The study was carried out as a diagnostic survey, using the following validated psychometric scales: The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and SMAST-G-Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-Geriatric Version. Results: The vast majority of the respondents did not screen positively for possible bipolar disorder. However, more than 90% of the participants presented with the symptoms of mild depression, and more than one-third had manifestations of nonpsychotic mental morbidity. Nearly half of the respondents had complaints associated with insomnia, and in more than one-fourth, SMAST-G score raised suspicion of problem alcohol drinking. Retired participants were shown to present with significantly higher levels of anger control than the occupationally active respondents. Respondents with poor economic status had significantly higher levels of symptoms for non-psychotic mental disorders. Men significantly more often than women showed symptoms raising suspicion of alcohol-related problems. Discussion: In conclusion, the study group was characterized primarily by the mild depressive and anxiety symptoms. The mental health of the Polish participants of the Third Age University program was significantly modulated by their socio-occupational and

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“…Mean AIS score for 62 older persons examined by Ibáñez-del Valle et al. ( 63 ) was 4.0 ± 4.0 pts. According to Abd Allah et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Mental Health of the Participants of the Third Age University Program: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cybulski

Cwalina

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…We used an instrument based on self-reported sleep quality, meaning there is a possibility that some of the participants had what is termed pseudo-insomnia or a misperception of their sleep state; in other words, the individual complains of insomnia in the absence of abnormalities in their sleep parameters (Salin-Pascual et al, 1992; báñez-Del Valle et al, 2018, 2021). In addition, although we collected the data when Spain was in an intermediate phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the application of various prevention and control measures against SARS-CoV outbreaks had increased the prevalence of insomnia in this population, especially given its increased vulnerability to the virus (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Interleukin 1-Beta Concentration Associates With Sleep Quality in Older Individuals

Valle

Ballestar-Tarín

Mafla-España

et al. 2023

Biological Research For Nursing

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Background: Poor sleep quality is prevalent in older people and impairs their quality of life. Various studies show an association between sleep disorders and altered levels of inflammatory cytokines. The cytokine IL-1β has been shown to display both somnogenic and insomnia-promoting effects in experimental animals. Objectives: to evaluate the relationship between insomnia and salivary IL-1β concentration and the role of associated factors such as the symptoms of depression, use of hypnotics, intake of caffeinated beverages, smoking, and alcohol use in older individuals. An analytical, cross-sectional, observational research was carried out with a population of community-dwelling individuals over 60 years of age in Valencia (Spain). Sleep quality was measured with the Athens insomnia scale (AIS) and depressive symptoms with Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: 287 individuals participated in the study (mean age 74.08 years (76.7% women). 41.5% of the participants had insomnia, 36.9% took drugs for sleep problems, and 32.4% had relevant depressive symptoms. There was a significant inverse correlation between the IL-1β and total AIS score (rho = −0.302, p < 0.001), the sleep difficulty subdomain (rho = −0.259, p < 0.001), and the daytime sleepiness subdomain (rho = −0.322, p < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between GDS and salivary IL-1β concentration. The IL-1β concentration was significantly lower in individuals taking drugs for sleeping compared with those not taking those drugs (1.11 ± 0.09 and 1.48 ± 0.08, respectively; p = 0.001). Regarding the AIS score, there was no significant difference in marital status, smoking, or the number of cups of tea or cola drinks, but there was a significant association with alcohol intake ( p = 0.019) and in the number of daily intakes of coffee ( p = 0.030). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of IL-1β for diagnosis of moderate-severe insomnia showed an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.71–0.85). At the cut-off of 0.83 pg/µL of Il-1β, it had a sensitivity of 70.3% and a specificity of 69.8%.

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“…The average AIS score in the Ibáñez-del Valle et al study [38], which included 62 elderly subjects, was 4.0 ± 4.0 points. According to the principles of interpretation of this scale’s results, 20% of the studied patients had problems with insomnia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders among educationally active elderly people in Bialystok, Poland: a cross-sectional study

Cybulski

Krajewska-Kułak

et al. 2019

BMC Geriatr

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Background Sleep disorders in an ageing society constitute a significant public health problem. It is estimated that approximately 50% of people aged 55 years and older have trouble sleeping, including initiating and maintaining sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disorders in a group of educationally active elderly people living in Bialystok, Poland. Methods The study included a total of 182 people – residents of Bialystok – aged 60 or older; 146 women (80.22%) and 36 men (19.78%). The study used three standardized psychometric scales: The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Results More than half of the respondents scored 6 or more points on the AIS, which is considered a value that indicates a high probability of insomnia symptom occurrence. A similar percentage of respondents obtained a point value on the ISI indicating the presence of insomnia. The vast majority of respondents scored below 11 points on the ESS, which means no symptoms of excessive sleepiness. There was a significant correlation between the results of the above scales in the examined group in total and also by sex. Conclusions Sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, constitute a significant social and health problem in the group of educationally active elderly people living in Bialystok. In light of the obtained study results, it is recommended to conduct and improve existing health education programs aimed at the elderly regarding sleep disorders to improve the quality of their sleep, and thus quality of life, and raise the awareness of the elderly about the importance of sleep in everyday life. There is a need for further research in the field of sleep disorders in the elderly to determine the prevalence of these disorders on a national scale.

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Subjective and objective sleep quality in elderly individuals: The role of psychogeriatric evaluation

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Mental Health of the Participants of the Third Age University Program: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mental Health of the Participants of the Third Age University Program: A Cross-Sectional Study

Salivary Interleukin 1-Beta Concentration Associates With Sleep Quality in Older Individuals

Sleep disorders among educationally active elderly people in Bialystok, Poland: a cross-sectional study

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