Subject characteristics and low back pain in young athletes and nonathletes

Kujala, Urho M.; Salminen, Jouko K.; Taimela, Simo; Oksanen, Airi; Jaakkola, L.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199206000-00003

Cited by 130 publications

(94 citation statements)

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“…Balagué et al [4] did not show any correlation between isokinetic trunk muscle strength (in flexion-extension, measured in upright position) and low back pain history. In a cross-sectional study of 100 athletes and controls aged 10-13 years, Kujala et al [28] did not find any association between abdominal and back muscle endurance and low back pain. In his longitudinal case control study of adolescents, aged initially 15 years and followed for 3 years, reporting permanent or recurrent low back pain, Salminen found decreased isometric endurance of the abdominal muscles (P < 0.05) and lumbar muscles (P < 0.01) [51], as well as atrophy of the paraspinal lumbar muscles in girls (P < 0.01) by MRI [61] among low back pain sufferers at the age of 15 years.…”

Section: Muscle Strengthmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Current epidemiological data on LBP is summarized as well as the role of the major risk factors according to studies published in the principal peer reviewed journals interested in the topic. 24,48,69] from those which include a logistic regression analysis [4,8,9,17,26,35,50,56,57,62,68], or again from those studies which include a control group [17,23,28,31,42,44,47,49,52,60,61,66,70]. Finally, longitudinal studies, with [29,31,51] or without [12,15,37,39,40] a control group, make it possible to study the exposure of the subjects to the selected risk factors, and therefore the predictive value of such factors.…”

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors seem to play a role, e.g. the type of sport [57], the level of competition [19], the intensity of physical training [28,31] and acute spinal trauma [29]. Kujala et al [31], in a longitudinal study over 1 year among 86 athletes and controls aged 10-13 years, showed that among girls the prevalence of low back pain during the previous year was correlated with the intensity of sports work-outs during the last 12 months (P < 0.01), despite not finding any correlation with the lifetime cumulative incidence of low back pain.…”

Section: Physical and Sports Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Balagué¹,

Troussier

Salminen

1999

European Spine Journal

342

291

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IntroductionBackache in children and adolescents has traditionally been considered a rare and serious condition, causing one to suspect an organic, infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic origin. Several surveys, however, have revealed a high prevalence of backache, and particularly of lumbar pain, in these age groups, indeed sometimes similar to that reported for adults. The purpose of this article is to review the recent literature, published since 1992 [6], on this topic. Epidemiological dataThe prevalence of back pain in children varies according to the age of the population studied and, particularly, according to the methodology of the studies themselves, viz.:1. Cross-sectional studies by means of a questionnaire, with or without the participation of an investigator, looking at subjective morbidity [4,5,8,9,13,18,26,35,41,48,50,59,62,64,69]. 2. Cross-sectional studies based on physical examination of the subjects, to evaluate the measurable morbidity [4,13,35,48,50,69]. 3. Longitudinal studies (cohort studies) to measure the yearly incidence of spinal pain [12,15].Moreover, studies differ in terms of the definition of backache selected (any localisation of spinal pain versus pain limited to the lumbar area, radicular pain), and also according to the type of prevalence studied (lifetime prevalence or point prevalence of back pain). Several approaches are used in evaluating the intensity of pain: relapsing or permanent pain, need for medical care, or disability due to pain. Furthermore, in studying risk factors, it is important from a methodological point of view to distinguish cross-sectional studies without either a control group or multiple analysis of variance [2, 9, 13, 18, 22, Abstract Low back pain (LBP) among children and adolescents has become the subject of an increasing amount of literature over the last 15 years. This topic, which was considered almost insignificant less than two decades ago, was the focus of a recent international meeting organised in Grenoble (France) in March 1999. This review paper is the result of an literature update search performed by members of three groups which have been active in this field for many years. Current epidemiological data on LBP is summarized as well as the role of the major risk factors according to studies published in the principal peer reviewed journals interested in the topic.Key words Non-specific low back pain · Schoolchildren · Risk factors · Epidemiology Eur Spine J (1999) 8 : 429-438 REVIEW

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Section: Muscle Strengthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical and Sports Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Balagué¹,

Troussier

Salminen

1999

European Spine Journal

342

291

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“…There are no clear associations with biological parameters such as body length [17,[21][22][23]; weight [22][23][24]; Body Mass Index [5,14,22,25]; length of the trunk [21,[23][24][25]; vertebral column mobility [5,10,23,26,27] and radiological changes of the vertebral column [12,22,[28][29][30][31][32]. Also the findings concerning the association between LBP and general muscle strength [22,27,33,34] and more specifically, hip flexor muscle flexibility [17,26,35] have been ambiguous.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hypothesis is attractive from the point of view of prevention, as physical activity is amenable to behavioral intervention, and physical training programs at school and leisure activities may be adjusted to aim at strengthening the back. Moreover, physical inactivity and intensive sports activity have been found to be associated with LBP in some [1,5,22,[34][35][36], but not all studies [7,10,16,17,23,33]. So far, research on possible associations with specific types of sport is however sparse [13,37].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and low-back pain in schoolchildren

Skoffer

Foldspang²

2008

Eur Spine J

111

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Design of the experiment is to study the crosssectional sample with retrospective information. The objective is to identify the types of physical activity associated with the decreased occurrence of low-back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren. Physical activity may be hypothesized to possess a potential for LBP prevention. The possible connection between LBP and specific sports activities is however sparsely documented. A total of 546, 15-to 16-year-old schoolchildren filled a questionnaire on current physical activities and LBP occurrence and severity. In multiple logistic regressions, the association of LBP with exposure variables was corrected for body height and weight (data from school health service files) and for anthropometric and school furniture parameters. More than half of the children reported pain or discomfort in the low-back region during the preceding 3 months, and 1/4 experienced a decreased functioning or need of care because of LBP. LBP correlated with physical inactivity, e.g. time spent on homework and hours watching TV or video, and with a series of sports activities, e.g. jogging, handball playing and gymnastics. Among sports activities, only swimming and the number of hours per week participating in soccer were associated with a decreased LBP prevalence. With the exception of swimming and soccer, the types of sport reported by this schoolchild population do not offer themselves for consideration as tools for LBP prevention. Based on the associations found with indicators of physical inactivity, attempts to motivate the children to increase their general physical activity level should be considered for trial.

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