Subglandular Breast Reduction: The Evolution of a Minimal Scar Approach to Breast Reduction

Abstract

The authors describe a new modification of the breast reduction procedure. By means of an inframammary incision, the breast is mobilized from the chest wall, and a "doughnut" annulus of breast tissue is removed from the undersurface of the gland. No skin is excised. The nipple-areola complex is left attached to a central core of breast tissue that receives its blood supply from the subdermal plexus of vessels. When the resulting defect is closed within the breast by strategically placed sutures, the base of the gland is narrowed, the breast is projected forward, and the circumareolar and vertical scars of other techniques are eliminated. The authors report their results in a series of 37 patients.

Pectoralis Major Musculocutaneous Flap With Nipple-Areola Complex in Head and Neck Reconstruction

“…Blood supply of nipple-areola complex is well defined in many clinical and anatomic studies [15][16][17][18] which were performed on female subjects. Corduff and Taylor 15 described female breast as a modified sweat gland which the blood supply of the nipple-areola complex is similar to the male breast.…”

“…Chest skin on the caudal side from the seventh costal cartilage is axially fed with this branch. 15 During flap elevation, the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial vessels was not islanded. In all of our cases, nipple-areola complex was always included on the skin island whatever the size and the position of the skin island on the chest wall (Figs.…”

Use of a Novel Laser Projection Grid to Assess Symmetry in Breast Surgery

“…In the field of breast reconstruction, many surgical methods exist to minimize complications while maximizing aesthetic appearance 1–3 . However, all techniques still rely on subjective judgment to assess symmetry, often the most concerning parameter for the patient.…”

The Three Dermoglandular Flap Support in Reduction Mammaplasty

“…Numerous breast reduction techniques have been developed over the years [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] with several refinements to obtain a safe nipple-areola complex transposition, having as a final target acceptable and stable results in terms of shape and symmetry, hiding as many significant skin scars as possible associated with a low rate of postoperative complications. Indeed, the multitude of modifications of reduction mammaplasty described [11][12][13][14][15][16] indicates that the ideal technique is still to be found.…”