Subduing the hepatitis E Python

Teo, Chong Gee

doi:10.1017/s0950268808001295

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…HEV is the foremost agent of waterborne jaundice outbreaks [3]. In the 21st century, explosive outbreaks continue to erupt in tropical and subtropical parts of the world.…”

Section: Geographical Variations In the Epidemiology Of Human Hev Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether epidemic or sporadic, hepatitis E tends to strike adolescents and young adults of both sexes. Disease, when manifest, often resolves spontaneously, but pregnant women and people with underlying liver disease are at risk of developing and dying from fulminant hepatic failure [3,5]. Seroprevalence data obtained from surveys conducted between epidemics [6,7] show a steep rise in the anti‐HEV‐IgG detection rate from late childhood to early adulthood, with no increase thereafter (Fig.…”

Section: Geographical Variations In the Epidemiology Of Human Hev Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intra‐household, horizontal transmission of HEV is characteristically infrequent [45] but the risks of HEV infection and death in infants delivered from infected pregnant women are high [3,46]. Infection following transfusion of blood or blood products from HEV‐viraemic donors has been documented [47–49].…”

Section: Anthroponotic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In India, humans with clinical hepatitis E are infected by genotype 1 HEV, whereas pigs carry genotype 4 exclusively [85,86]. In Bangladesh, Pakistan and the Kashmir, where huge epidemics caused by genotype 1 HEV have occurred [3–5,7], pigs are not bred, nor do they mingle with humans. Thus, in South Asia, there is no evidence of swine‐to‐human HEV transmission.…”

Section: Zoonotic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of the environment in facilitating the spread of enterically shed HEV in hyperendemic countries is well recognized [3,5,144]. In countries with good sanitation facilities, the extent to which the environment—particularly an urban one—contributes to the maintenance of HEV endemicity is less clear.…”

Section: Environmental Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Much meat, much malady: changing perceptions of the epidemiology of hepatitis E

Teo

2010

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Hepatitis E, which is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), may now be considered a zoonosis as well as an anthroponosis. Pigs, boars and deer have been identified as reservoirs, and their flesh and entrails--as meat and offal--as vehicles of HEV transmission. Shellfish also act as vehicles. Dietary, gastronomic and culinary preferences influence how extensively HEV conveyed by these vehicles can be inactivated before their ingestion by the host. Another route of infection is paved by HEV that is enterically shed by humans and by live animals into the environment. Although anthroponotic transmission of HEV is primarily environmental, zoonotic transmission may proceed along both foodborne and environmental routes.

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“…HEV is the foremost agent of waterborne jaundice outbreaks [3]. In the 21st century, explosive outbreaks continue to erupt in tropical and subtropical parts of the world.…”

Section: Geographical Variations In the Epidemiology Of Human Hev Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Variations In the Epidemiology Of Human Hev Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anthroponotic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zoonotic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Much meat, much malady: changing perceptions of the epidemiology of hepatitis E

Teo

2010

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Acute liver failure in low-income and middle-income countries

Vento,

Cainelli

2023

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

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Fatal outbreaks of jaundice in pregnancy and the epidemic history of hepatitis E

Teo

2012

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYSpace–time clustering of people who fall acutely ill with jaundice, then slip into coma and death, is an alarming phenomenon, more markedly so when the victims are mostly or exclusively pregnant. Documentation of the peculiar, fatal predisposition of pregnant women during outbreaks of jaundice identifies hepatitis E and enables construction of its epidemic history. Between the last decade of the 18th century and the early decades of the 20th century, hepatitis E-like outbreaks were reported mainly from Western Europe and several of its colonies. During the latter half of the 20th century, reports of these epidemics, including those that became serologically confirmed as hepatitis E, emanated from, first, the eastern and southern Mediterranean littoral and, thereafter, Southern and Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the rest of Africa. The dispersal has been accompanied by a trend towards more frequent and larger-scale occurrences. Epidemic and endemic hepatitis E still beset people inhabiting Asia and Africa, especially pregnant women and their fetuses and infants. Their relief necessitates not only accelerated access to potable water and sanitation but also vaccination against hepatitis E.

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Subduing the hepatitis E Python

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Much meat, much malady: changing perceptions of the epidemiology of hepatitis E

Much meat, much malady: changing perceptions of the epidemiology of hepatitis E

Acute liver failure in low-income and middle-income countries

Fatal outbreaks of jaundice in pregnancy and the epidemic history of hepatitis E

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