Subduction-related intermediate-depth and deep seismicity in Italy: insights from thermal and rheological modelling

Carminati, Eugenio; Negredo, Ana M.; Valera, J. L.; Doglioni, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2004.04.006

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The foregoing processes call for temperatures that are too high for subduction zones with a convergence rate (about 3 cm/year) as the Adriatic-Ionian plate (van Keken et al, 2002;Carminati et al, 2005). Thus, it is improbable that decarbonation of crustal rocks at depth occurred during active subduction in the investigated region.…”

Section: Carbonate-rich Melts In the Upper Mantle Beneath The Westernmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This implies that, in this area, crustal lithologies from the retreating Adriatic-Ionian lithosphere remained trapped in the mantle wedge at depths exceeding about 130 km before being melted as a consequence of back arc isotherm uprise. Present-day mantle temperatures beneath the Western Mediterranean, away from the active subducting Ionian plate, are estimated at 1260-1320°C at depths greater than 105 km (Carminati et al, 2005), and such a thermal regime would favor melting of subducted crustal lithologies with respect to decarbonation reactions, generating carbonate and (hydrous) silicate melts (cf. Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonate metasomatism and CO2 lithosphere–asthenosphere degassing beneath the Western Mediterranean: An integrated model arising from petrological and geophysical data

2009

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We present an integrated petrological, geochemical, and geophysical model that offers an explanation for the present-day anomalously high non-volcanic deep (mantle derived) CO 2 emission in the Tyrrhenian region. We investigate how decarbonation or melting of carbonate-rich lithologies from a subducted lithosphere may affect the efficiency of carbon release in the lithosphere-asthenosphere system. We propose that melting of sediments and/or continental crust of the subducted Adriatic-Ionian (African) lithosphere at pressure greater than 4 GPa (130 km) may represent an efficient mean for carbon cycling into the upper mantle and into the exosphere in the Western Mediterranean area. Melting of carbonated lithologies, induced by the progressive rise of mantle temperatures behind the eastward retreating Adriatic-Ionian subducting plate, generates low fractions of carbonate-rich (hydrous-silicate) melts. Due to their low density and viscosity, such melts can migrate upward through the mantle, forming a carbonated partially molten CO 2 -rich mantle recorded by tomographic images in the depth range from 130 to 60 km. Upwelling in the mantle of carbonate-rich melts to depths less than 60 -70 km, induces massive outgassing of CO 2 . Buoyancy forces, probably favored by fluid overpressures, are able to allow migration of CO 2 from the mantle to the surface, through deep lithospheric faults, and its accumulation beneath the Moho and within the lower crust. The present model may also explain CO 2 enrichment of the Etna active volcano. Deep CO 2 cycling is tentatively quantified in terms of conservative carbon mantle flux in the investigated area. IntroductionThe role of Earth degassing in present-day global carbon budget and consequent climate effects has been focused chiefly on volcanic emissions (e.g. Gerlach, 1991a;Varekamp and Thomas, 1998, Kerrick, 2001). The non-volcanic 1 escape of CO 2 from the upper mantle, from crustal carbonate rocks, from hydrocarbon accumulations, and from geothermal fields is not considered in the budgets of natural release processes (cf. IPCC reports). However, the impact of these processes on atmospheric CO 2 budget is relevant if considered at the regional scale.Italy constitutes an extraordinary example of massive CO 2 subaerial fluxes in the Western Mediterranean region (e.g. Chiodini et al., 1999Chiodini et al., , 2004Rogie et al., 2000;Chiodini and Frondini 2001;Minissale, 2004). In Italy, CO 2 emissions occur both in those areas of young or active volcanism (e.g. the Tyrrhenian border of Central Italy; Fig. 1), and at zones in which there is no evidence of magmatic activity, such as Central and Southern Apennines (Fig. 1).Interactions between magmas and carbonate rocks at walls of magma chambers locally contribute CO 2 in some recent and active volcanic zones (e.g., Alban Hills, Mt. Ernici, Vesuvius;Federico and Peccerillo, 2002; Iacono Marziano et al., 2007a, b). However, the bulk of present-day soil degassing in Italy is a regional feature affecting both volcanic areas and z...

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Section: Carbonate-rich Melts In the Upper Mantle Beneath The Westernmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate metasomatism and CO2 lithosphere–asthenosphere degassing beneath the Western Mediterranean: An integrated model arising from petrological and geophysical data

2009

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“…In the northern sector of the Apennines, an early stage of oceanic crust consumption was followed by continental subduction, which involved about 170 km of lithosphere. In contrast, more than 700 km of oceanic lithosphere (Ionian lithosphere) have been subducted under Calabria and the southern Tyrrhenian Sea from the Eocene to present (Carminati et al 2005).…”

Section: Summary Of the Geodynamic Evolution Of The Tyrrhenian Sea Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Panza et al 2003;Chiarabba et al 2008). Deep seismicity is virtually lacking in the western Aeolian Arc and in central Italy, and earthquake foci with a maximum depth of about 90 km have been detected beneath the northern Apennines (Carminati et al 2005). However, the occurrence of subducted crust has been amply documented by V P -V S anomalies all along the Apennine-Maghrebian chain (e.g.…”

Section: Summary Of the Geodynamic Evolution Of The Tyrrhenian Sea Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatism, mantle evolution and geodynamics at the converging plate margins of Italy

Peccerillo

Frezzotti

2015

JGS

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Abstract:The Plio-Quaternary magmatism in the Tyrrhenian Sea area exhibits wide compositional variations, which cover almost entirely those observed for volcanic rocks worldwide. Some volcanoes (Etna, Iblei, Sardinia, etc.) range from tholeiitic to Na-alkaline, and display elemental and isotope signatures typical of FOZO and EM-1 ocean-island basalts (OIB). Other volcanoes (Aeolian Arc, Italian peninsula) range from calc-alkaline-shoshonitic to K-alkaline, exhibit typical 'subduction-related' trace element signatures (low Ta-Nb, high Rb-Cs-LREE), and show a large range of radiogenic isotope ratios, from mantle-like in the Aeolian Arc to crustal-like in central Italy. Geochemical data suggest that OIB-type magmatism originated in lithosphere-asthenosphere sources that were unaffected by recent subduction. In contrast, subduction-related magmas come from mantle sources that underwent Eocene to present mixing with various amounts and types of subducted crustal components. Fluxing of the mantle wedge by water-rich fluids from a mid-ocean ridge basalt-type slab occurred in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, whereas interaction between peridotite and various types of sediments occurred in central Italy. These contrasting styles of mantle contaminations relate to the nature (oceanic or continental) of the foreland, slab geometry and pre-metasomatic mantle compositions, which vary greatly along the Apennine arc and are the reason for the formation of the wide variety of orogenic magmas in Italy.

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“…This plate is seen as an independent microplate (Anderson and Jackson, 1987;Oldow et al, 2002;Battaglia et al, 2004) or as a promontory of the African shield (Channel et al, 1979;Babbucci et al, 2004) whose evolution resulted from a complex geological history, punctuated by several events related to the evolution from divergent to collisional continental margins occurred in the Mediterranean region, starting from the early Mesozoic (Dewey et al, 1973;Jolivet and Facenna, 2000;Wortel and Spakman, 2000;Carminati et al, 2005;Lucente et al, 2006;Panza et al, 2007;Mantovani et al, 2009;Viti et al, 2009). With time geodynamical processes have produced the geological structure of the Central Apennines where the LNGS is located (Fig.…”

Section: The Geology Framework Of Central Italymentioning

confidence: 99%

U and Th content in the Central Apennines continental crust: A contribution to the determination of the geo-neutrinos flux at LNGS

Coltorti

Boraso

Mantovani

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Subduction-related intermediate-depth and deep seismicity in Italy: insights from thermal and rheological modelling

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Carbonate metasomatism and CO2 lithosphere–asthenosphere degassing beneath the Western Mediterranean: An integrated model arising from petrological and geophysical data

Carbonate metasomatism and CO2 lithosphere–asthenosphere degassing beneath the Western Mediterranean: An integrated model arising from petrological and geophysical data

Magmatism, mantle evolution and geodynamics at the converging plate margins of Italy

U and Th content in the Central Apennines continental crust: A contribution to the determination of the geo-neutrinos flux at LNGS

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