Subcutaneous zygomycosis: report of 10 cases from two institutions in North India

Abstract

Awareness and early recognition will prevent disfigurement produced by advanced disease, misdiagnosis and unnecessary surgical intervention.

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

“…Despite the ubiquitous airborne characteristics of S. racemosum, percutaneous inoculation after trauma has been the only likely mode of infection in proven and probable reported cases of infection with this species (256,271,301). This suggests low pathogenicity of this fungus or erroneous interpretation of its isolation (considered a contaminant) or no report of cases.…”

“…Although Syncephalastrum appears to have low pathogenicity (279), it has been shown to colonize immunocompetent individuals after heavy exposure to mold and immunocompromised individuals with minimal or no history of mold exposure after hurricanes (272). Specifically, S. racemosum causes chronic infections (a few months to 3 years) following minor trauma (256,271) and acute infection when inoculated after major trauma (301) caused by trauma, splenectomy, and the use of temporary mesh interposed in the abdominal wall, the abdomen of a previously healthy 23-year-old man became distended and affected with necrotic skin (301). Later, S. racemosum was found to have invaded the abdominal wall, intra-abdominal fluids, and omental and retroperitoneal tissues (301).…”

“…3) (279). No molecular biology methods have been used for the diagnosis of Syncephalastrum species infections in reported cases (147,256,271,272,301), although a method based on PCR amplification and sequencing of the high-affinity iron permease 1 gene (FTR1) has been used for identification of the genus Syncephalastrum (229).…”

“…to the exposed nail bed for 2 weeks (256). Chronic subcutaneous cases of S. racemosum infection have been treated with topical potassium iodide, and in one case, this was administered in combination with itraconazole (271).…”

Subcutaneous entomophthoromycosis mimicking soft-tissue sarcoma in children

“…Until recently, terms such as 'zygomycosis' [3,6,22] and 'phycomycosis' [2,4,17] have been used to refer EM. It is because Basidiobolus and Conidiobolus were previously included under the order Entomophthorale which was then a subset of the phylum Zygomycota (Fig.…”