Subconjunctival Corticosteroid Injections for Nonnecrotizing Anterior Scleritis

Triamcinolone-assisted pars plana vitrectomy improves the surgical procedures and decreases the postoperative blood–ocular barrier breakdown

“…Tano et al reported that the intravitreal injection of triamcinolone significantly reduced the progression of PVR in rabbits by inhibiting the inflammation, and other studies supported this result [2,3,4,14,17,27,28]. In addition, in a clinical study, albeit a small one, Jonas et al reported that the intravitreal injection of steroids clearly reduced the incidence of PVR after a vitrectomy [15].…”

“…In clinical treatment, triamcinolone has been used in various ocular diseases [2,8,14,17,22] and recently the intraocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide was used in age-related macular degeneration and adjuvant therapy for PVR and PDR [1,4,15,16,21,29]. Peyman et al reported that the intraocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide during a vitrectomy visualizes the transparent vitreous and that this method helps surgeons to obtain complete separation of the posterior vitreous from the retina [21].…”

Subconjunctival Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide in the Management of Corneal Graft Rejection and New Vessels

“…In ophthalmology, subconjunctival TA has been used for anterior scleritis, 21 , 22 pterygium surgery, 23 superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, 24 uveitis, corneal burns and ulcers, 8 intraocular surgery, 8 , 25 and thyroid eye disease 26 . Recently, its use has been reported to successfully reverse corneal graft rejection in posterior lamellar 27 and penetrating keratoplasties 28 …”

Subconjunctival triamcinolone treatment for non-necrotising anterior scleritis

“…In addition, Watson's clinical classification of scleritis1 14 has become widely used and his observations have enabled clinicians to recognise early subtle signs of scleral necrosis. Recent studies using subconjunctival corticosteroids are likely to have more accurately selected patients with non-necrotising scleritis who have not responded to initial therapy and treated them with subconjunctival corticosteroids 10–12 15 16. Although recent case series have not reported any case of scleral necrosis, it has been noted to occur 8 9 13.…”