Subatomic deformation driven by vertical piezoelectricity from CdS ultrathin films

Wang, Xuewen; He, Xuexia; Zhu, Hongfei; Sun, Linfeng; Fu, Wei; Wang, Xingli; Hoong, Lai Chee; Wang, Hong; Zeng, Qingsheng; Zhao, Wu; Wei, Jun; Jin, Zhong; Shen, Zexiang; Liu, Jie; Zhang, Ting; Liu, Zheng

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600209

Cited by 71 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…The solution containing only CdCl 2 ·H 2 O was first prepared. The pH was adjusted to 1.80 ± 0.02 at room temperature using HCl and NH 4 OH as the case may be. The 1000 ml plastic beaker containing this solution was put inside a 2000 ml glass beaker containing some de-ionised water.…”

Section: Preparation Of Cds Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its desirable properties, it finds use in photovoltaic solar cells [2,3], piezo transducers [4], photoresistors, luminescence devices [5], Schottky diodes and metal-semiconductor field effect transistors (MESFETs) [6], heterojunction diodes [7], insulated gate thin film transistors [8], and gas sensors [9]. It is also used in microelectronics, nonlinear optics, catalysis, photoelectrochemistry [10], and in photodetectors [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characteristics of Nanocrystallite-CdS Produced by Low-Cost Electrochemical Technique for Thin Film Photovoltaic Application: The Influence of Deposition Voltage

Echendu

Dejene

Dharmadasa

et al. 2017

International Journal of Photoenergy

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Electrochemical deposition and characterization of nanocrystallite-CdS thin films for thin film solar cell application are reported. The two-electrode system used provides a relatively simple and cost-effective approach for large-scale deposition of semiconductors for solar cell and other optoelectronic device application. Five CdS thin films were deposited for 45 minutes each at different cathodic deposition voltages in order to study their properties. X-ray diffraction study reveals that the as-deposited films contain mixed phases of hexagonal and cubic CdS crystallites with large amounts of internal strain and dislocation density. Postdeposition annealing results in phase transformation which leaves the films with only the hexagonal crystal phase and reduced strain and dislocation density while increasing the crystallite sizes from 21.0-42.0 nm to 31.2-63.0 nm. Photoelectrochemical cell study shows that all the CdS films have n-type electrical conductivity. Optical characterization reveals that all samples show similar transmittance and absorbance responses with the transmittance slightly increasing towards higher growth voltages. All the annealed films show energy bandgap of 2.42 eV. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analyses show that grains on the surface of the films tend to get cemented together after annealing with prior CdCl 2 treatment while all the films are S-rich.

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Section: Preparation Of Cds Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Nanocrystallite-CdS Produced by Low-Cost Electrochemical Technique for Thin Film Photovoltaic Application: The Influence of Deposition Voltage

Echendu

Dejene

Dharmadasa

et al. 2017

International Journal of Photoenergy

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show abstract

“…The piezoelectric properties of 2DLMs have been utilized for the applications of nanogenerator, 226,228,230,232,295 phototransistor, 296 strain/pressure sensor 297 and actuator. 298 Previous experiment has demonstrated monolayer MoS 2 strained by 0.53% could generate a peak output of 15 mV and 20 pA with a power density of 2 mWm −2 and an energy conversion efficiency of 5.08%. 228 When these CVD grown MoS 2 flakes were fabricated into array integrations (shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electronics Based On Coupling Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional layered materials: from mechanical and coupling properties towards applications in electronics

Zhan

Guo

2019

Nanoscale

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“…As for the strain sensor via dynamically regulating the emission wavelength to sense a mechanical stimulus, two kinds of different modulation mechanisms can be concluded as PL peak moving tuned by an external applied strain due to the piezoresistive effect and a strain‐induced lasing mode variation based on the piezoelectric effect . Initially, wurtzite‐structured semiconductor materials were demonstrated to possess piezoresistivity and piezoelectricity, such as ZnO, CdS, GaN, etc., so several piezoelectric strain sensors have been designed and fabricated with these materials . In recent years, the dependence of the shift of the near‐band‐edge (NBE) emission peak on external tensile and compressive strains in a ZnO cavity has been reported and is due to the effective change in the optical bandgap as tuned by the applied strain, which yields a means to deduce the magnitude of the applied stress .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically Modulated GaN Whispering Gallery Lasing Mode for Strain Sensor

Peng

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The continuous development of strain sensors offers significant opportunities for improving human-machine interfaces and health monitoring. The dynamically modulated lasing mode is a novel approach to realize a flexible, noncontact, high color-resolvability, high-resolution, and ultrasensitive strain sensor. Here, a flexible strain sensor perceiving stress variations is reported via the dynamical regulation of a GaN whispering gallery lasing mode based on the piezoelectric effect. The refraction index of GaN shows a linear relationship with the applied external tensile strain, resulting in a redshift phenomenon of the lasing mode peak at room temperature due to the predominant function of the piezoelectric polarization in the GaN microwire. Compared with a strain sensor relying on the wavelength shift of a photoluminescence (PL) emission peak, the differences and advantages of a sensor based on the strain-induced lasing mode variation are also investigated and analyzed systematically. This strain sensor may serve as an essential step toward the color mapping of mechanical signals by optical methods, with potential applications in color-perceived touching sensing, noncontact stress measurement, laser modulation, and optical communication technologies.

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Subatomic deformation driven by vertical piezoelectricity from CdS ultrathin films

Abstract: Vertical piezoelectricity in atomic thin materials could have applications in sensors and microelectromechanical devices.

Cited by 71 publications

References 51 publications

Characteristics of Nanocrystallite-CdS Produced by Low-Cost Electrochemical Technique for Thin Film Photovoltaic Application: The Influence of Deposition Voltage

Characteristics of Nanocrystallite-CdS Produced by Low-Cost Electrochemical Technique for Thin Film Photovoltaic Application: The Influence of Deposition Voltage

Two-dimensional layered materials: from mechanical and coupling properties towards applications in electronics

Dynamically Modulated GaN Whispering Gallery Lasing Mode for Strain Sensor

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