Subacute toxicity assessment of annatto in rat

Bautista, Ana Rita Pedreira Lapa; Moreira, Eduardo Luiz Trindade; Batista, Márcio Santos; Miranda, Maria da Pureza Spínola; Gomes, I. C. S.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2003.11.007

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…In the previous report (Aranez and Rubio 1996) on annatto genotoxicity analysis, chloroform extract and petroleum ether extract showed low levels of mitotic index compared to the control. Sub acute treatment of annatto dye for toxicity analysis in rats showed its non-toxic nature (Bautista et al 2004) is in tune with the present findings. At a lower concentration (0.05%) of orange red synthetic dye caused severe mitotic abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) Dye Compared with Orange Red

Joseph

Siril

2010

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Cytotoxic evaluation of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seed pulp extract on Allium cepa root tip cells was carried out. The annatto dye was extracted using different solvents viz. alkaline water, ethyl alcohol and chloroform : alcohol mixture (1 : 3). Crude extract evaporated and dry residual powder recovered. The powder was dissolved in water at different concentrations (0.1%, 0.5% and 1%) and was used to treat onion root tips for 12 h and the mitotic behaviour was recorded. The results were compared with a synthetic dye orange red at 2 concentrations (0.05 and 0.1%). Annatto extracts treated cells showed normal mitotic behaviour whereas orange red (0.1% w/v) showed complete arrest of cell division. The synthetic dye at low concentration (0.05% w/v) showed diverse forms of mitotic abnormalities like single or double nuclear lesions, single, double or multiple bridges, metaphase clumping, tropokinensis and chromosome fragments. Cyototoxicity test system based on A. cepa root tips has proved that annatto dye is significantly less toxic compared to its synthetic alternative, orange red.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) Dye Compared with Orange Red

Joseph

Siril

2010

CYTOLOGIA

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“…The search for less-toxic radiation protectors has spurred interest in the development of natural products. Bixa orellana extract is non toxic to the rat at 2000 mg kg -1 body weight [26] and NoObserved-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) for human beings was judged to be at dietary level of 0.1% (69 mg/kg body weight/day for males, 76 mg/kg body weight/day for females) of annatto extract (norbixin). The present finding that Bixa orellana extract are good radioprotectors of bone marrow at non-toxic dose suggests that it may be promising agents for human radiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of Bixa orellana L. against radiation induced chromosomal aberration in Swiss Albino Mice.

Karchuli¹,

Ganesh²

2009

Int. J. Phytomed

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Radioprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of Bixa orellana have been studied by examining chromosome aberration in cells of bone marrow in irradiated mice. Healthy adult Swiss mice were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 500 mg kg -1 body weight, 1000 mg kg -1 of or double distilled water (DDW). They were exposed to whole body irradiation of 2.0 Gy gamma radiation 30 min later. After 24 h, chromosomal aberrations were studied in the bone marrow of the femur by routine metaphase preparation after colchicine treatment. Radiation (4.0 Gy) increased the number of aberrant cells from less than 1% in controls to almost 20%. Pretreatment with the extract compounds resulted in a significant reduction in the percentage of aberrant metaphases as well as in the different types of aberration scored. The extract was not toxic at 1500 mg kg -1 body weight. Being non toxic and easily available natural source Bixa orellana extract may be use for as radioprotective for human beings.

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“…Chung [9] emphasized that many azo dyes, their reduced products, and their associated aromatic amines are carcinogenic and allergenic. Epidemiological and toxicological studies on experimental animals, such as mice, rats and bacteria, however, show that azo stains may be genotoxic and carcinogenic under certain conditions [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, depending on chronic feeding, the life span of the ies was determined. For this purpose, six di erent concentrations of food dyes (5,10,15,20, 25, and 30 mg mL 1 ) were selected by preliminary studies to determine LD 100 values. The e ects of the food dyes on longevity were studied separately in female and male populations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects of Chronic Feeding with Food Azo Dyes on Drosophila melanogaster Oregon R

2017

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Abstract. Arti cial azo dyes are widely used as coloring agents for foodstu s, drugs, and cosmetics. In this study, the toxic e ects of four di erent synthetic food dyes (Ponceau 4R, Sunset Yellow, Amaranth, Tartrazine) on 72 4h larvae of Oregon (R) wild type of Drosophila melanogaster were investigated. In addition, depending on chronic feeding, the life span of the ies was determined. For this purpose, six di erent concentrations of food dyes (5,10,15,20, 25, and 30 mg mL 1 ) were selected by preliminary studies to determine LD 100 values. The e ects of the food dyes on longevity were studied separately in female and male populations. It was determined that the maximum mean life span of the female and male D. melanogaster populations decreased with increasing concentrations of food dyes. Based on the results obtained from the larval mortality and life span experiments, the order of toxicity for food dyes was: Tartrazine > Amaranth > Sunset Yellow Ponceau 4R.

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Subacute toxicity assessment of annatto in rat

Cited by 50 publications

References 1 publication

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) Dye Compared with Orange Red

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) Dye Compared with Orange Red

Protective effect of Bixa orellana L. against radiation induced chromosomal aberration in Swiss Albino Mice.

Toxic Effects of Chronic Feeding with Food Azo Dyes on Drosophila melanogaster Oregon R

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