Sub-femtosecond precision timing synchronization systems

Xin, Ming; Şafak, Kemal; Peng, Michael Y.; Callahan, Patrick T.; Kalaydzhyan, Aram; Wang, Wenting; Shtyrkova, Katia; Zhang, Qing; Chia, Shih Hsuan; Jones, Briana; Hawthorne, Todd; Battle, Philip; Mücke, Oliver D.; Roberts, Tony; Kärtner, Franz X.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.12.040

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Compared to using scramblers, three advantages can be seen: (i) PMD noise appears intrinsically far away from the carrier; (ii) no additional modulators are needed when using (non-overlapping) pulses as in this work; (iii) the polarization at the transmitter is well defined, which means that when the light is reflected back from a distant receiver using a Faraday mirror, high-contrast interference will take place just as with single polarization. This means that optical phase detection, e.g., balanced-optical cross-correlation [12,27,67] or spectral interferometry [18], can be used for phase detection for active phase compensation of the fiber. Note that in this case, the feedback must act according to the average phase shift between the two polarizations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-loop polarization mode dispersion mitigation for fibre-optic time and frequency transfer

Fordell

2022

Opt. Express

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The non-reciprocal and dynamic nature of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fibers can be a problem for accurate time and frequency transfer. Here a simple, passive solution is put forward that is based on transmitting optical pulses with alternating orthogonal polarization. The fast and deterministic polarization modulation means that the PMD noise is pushed far away from the frequencies of interest and upon reflection from a Faraday mirror at the receiver, the pulses have a well defined polarization when they return to the transmitter, which facilitates stable optical phase detection and fibre phase compensation. In an open-loop test setup that uses a mode-locked laser and a simple pulse interleaver, the polarization mode dispersion is shown to be reduced by more than two orders of magnitude.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-loop polarization mode dispersion mitigation for fibre-optic time and frequency transfer

Fordell

2022

Opt. Express

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“…In Ref. [83], a new integrated BOC is employed [39] with improved timing sensitivity. Except for the fiber-coupled integrated BOC, all the other optics are realized in free space.…”

Section: A Fiber-based Timing Link Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured residual timing drift is reduced to 0.75 fs (<1 Hz) over 28 h. Due to the higher timing sensitivity, the main advantage of using integrated BOCs in timing link stabilization is on the power budget. With the same master laser, the integrated BOCs can support 3 times more links compared to free-space BOCs [83].…”

Section: A Fiber-based Timing Link Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be implemented using the techniques discussed in this paper. For example, timing link stabilization by [47,61,[81][82][83], the synchronization between the microwave reference and master laser, master laser to klystron, linear accelerators, and bunch compressor by [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]61,88,91,92], master laser to injector laser, seed laser and seed oscillator of the probe laser by [34,35,38,39,47,61,87,90], probe laser seed oscillator to probe laser output by [62][63][64][65][66], and x-ray timing characterization by [58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Fiber-based Remote Timing Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-precise timing and synchronization for large-scale scientific instruments

Xin

Şafak

Kärtner

2018

Optica

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Ultra-precise timing has become a prerequisite for many modern large-scale scientific instruments, and timing precision is a crucial enabling factor to achieve the ultimate goals of those instruments. Here, we review the recent progress in timing technologies, including timing characterization methods among different kinds of sources (optical lasers, microwaves and x-ray pulses), large-scale free-space timing synchronization, and fiber-based timing synchronization. Technical and fundamental limitations of fiber-based timing systems are also discussed to provide future directions.

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“…For pump–probe delays longer than the round-trip time t rep of the Ti:Sa oscillators, the two Ti:Sa regenerative amplifiers were triggered in an appropriate manner to pick pulses separated by an additional integer-multiple of the oscillator repetition time, n × t rep . Similar solutions have been proposed to synchronize femtosecond lasers to a synchrotron or X-ray free-electron lasers …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Femtosecond Laser Synchronization for Multiple-Timescale Transient Infrared Spectroscopy

Helbing

Hamm

2023

J. Phys. Chem. A

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Several ways to electronically synchronize different types of amplified femtosecond laser systems are presented based on a single freely programmable electronics hardware: arbitrary-detuning asynchronous optical sampling (ADASOPS), as well as actively locking two femtosecond laser oscillators, albeit not necessarily to the same round-trip frequency. They allow us to rapidly probe a very wide range of timescales, from picoseconds to potentially seconds, in a single transient absorption experiment without the need to move any delay stage. Experiments become possible that address a largely unexplored aspect of many photochemical reactions, in particular in the context of photo-catalysis as well as photoactive proteins, where an initial femtosecond trigger very often initiates a long-lasting cascade of follow-up processes. The approach is very versatile and allows us to synchronize very different lasers, such as a Ti:Sa amplifier and a 100 kHz Yb-laser system. The jitter of the synchronization, and therewith the time-resolution in the transient experiment, lies in the range from 1 to 3 ps, depending on the method. For illustration, transient IR measurements of the excited state solvation and decay of a metal carbonyl complex as well as the full reaction cycle of bacteriorhodopsin are shown. The pros and cons of the various methods are discussed, with regard to the scientific question one might want to address, and also with regard to the laser systems that might be already existent in a laser lab.

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Sub-femtosecond precision timing synchronization systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Open-loop polarization mode dispersion mitigation for fibre-optic time and frequency transfer

Open-loop polarization mode dispersion mitigation for fibre-optic time and frequency transfer

Ultra-precise timing and synchronization for large-scale scientific instruments

Versatile Femtosecond Laser Synchronization for Multiple-Timescale Transient Infrared Spectroscopy

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