Sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos induces hematological, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in rat: Attenuation by glutathione

Elsharkawy, Eman E.; Yahia, Doha; El-Nisr, Neveen A.

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2012.12.009

Cited by 73 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…[4] The lowering of MCH and MCHC values and normocytic anemia [27] caused by pesticide exposure, particularly organophosphates were still unclear; however, there may cause by general anemia in elderly caused by chronic blood loss, malnutrition, etc., and the subclinical symptoms caused by chronic pesticide exposure (particularly organophosphates) in long period may induce anemia in animal models. [4,20,31,32,37] Furthermore, anemia due to pesticide exposure had been reported in Indian pesticide sprayers, which were significantly low in levels of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC, and impaired liver and kidney functions also occurred. [38] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subchronic exposure of chlorpyrifos, the one member of OPs in farmer use, caused hyperlipidemia, glycogen storage reduction in liver, and increased oxidative stress, which was the risk of many chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM). [19,20,[30][31][32] DM, particularly Type 2, is considered a multifactorial disease, in which genetics and lifestyle play a significant role, as well as environmental and occupational factors. [20,26] Indeed, the previous study was demonstrated a strong correlation between the blood concentration of malathion, an organophosphate insecticide, and insulin resistance among farmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sudjaroen

2017

AJP

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Background: Main of agriculturists in Singburi was cultivated rice and major pesticides' use is chlorpyrifos; however, farmers are applied bio-extracts to eliminate pest and trend to be organic farming. Hence, organic farmers may become lower risks from pesticides rather than non-organic farmers. Aim: To determine biochemical and hematological status between organic and non-organic farmers, Bang Rachan district, Singburi, Thailand. Materials and Methods: Farmers were separated into organic farmer group (N = 35) and non-organic farmer group (N = 45). Individual data for pesticide exposure were included, and pesticide-exposed relating symptoms were recorded. All demographic data of participants were documented before blood collection. Serum samples were analyzed for butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity, liver function test, kidney function test, and lipid profiles. Each ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-whole blood was determined for complete blood count (CBC). NaF plasma was analyzed for determine fasting blood glucose. All biochemical parameters were principled according to enzymatic assays and CBC was automatic analyzers. The data were represented in average ± standard deviation, and difference of biochemical and hematological status of two groups was statistically tested by unpaired t-test (P < 0.05). Results and Discussion: Blood glucose and lipid profiles of non-organic farmers were higher than reference ranges and significantly difference with other groups. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration values of non-organic farmers were lower than reference range and interpreted as anemia. Conclusions: Non-organic farmers were suchronic pesticide exposure with normal BuChE values and no related symptom; therefore, subclinical symptoms were disturbed biochemical and hematological status; and prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and anemia appeared.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sudjaroen

2017

AJP

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“…However, the rate of platelet volume distribution and average volume of platelets did not show any significant changes. The decrease in the number of thrombocytes can be caused by the formation of antigen-antibody complexes with platelet surface antigens, or by the changes in platelet membrane permeability, caused by oxidative stress (see, for instance, Sybirna, 2010;Ambali, 2011;Elsharkawy, 2013). It is known that changes in the platelet number can serve as an early sign of various intoxications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes in characteristics of the white blood resonate with studies of other authors (Hissin, 1976), claiming that the number of white blood cells can change under the influence of organophosphorous pesticides. It is also reported that changes in the leukocyte number can be caused by CPF poisoning and depend on the severity of caused damage (Elsharkawy, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides cholinesterases, other potential molecular targets of OPs were found (Eaton, 2008;Salyha, 2010a;Salyha, 2010b;Abmali, 2011;Salyha, 2013). The free radical oxidation, a universal pathophysiological phenomenon in many pathological conditions, also plays a significant role in reaction to the toxic effects of various xenobiotics, including OPs and CPF in particular (Salyha, 2010b;Elsharkawy, 2013). Undoubtedly, in case of intoxication, blood is affected as well as other tissues, as haematological parameters are important markers of physiologic conditions of the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Гематологические Параметры Крыс В Течение Первого Часа После Интоксикации Хлорпирифосом

Rosalovsky¹

2015

Biol. Bull. of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol St. Pedag. Univ.

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We studied the effects of acute chlorpyrifos intoxication on the erythrocytes resistance to acid hemolysis and certain hematological parameters (number of erythrocytes, leucocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and trombocytes, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, trombocrit, and platelet indices).Acute exposure to 50 mg/kg CPF leads to a decrease in the resistance of main erythrocytes pool to acid hemolysis at 15 minutes after exposure. The number of leucocytes increased by 21,9%, of erythrocytes -by 9,0%, hemoglobin content -by 6,3%, compared to controls, at 15 minutes after exposure. The number of trombocytes decreased by 21,6% at 15 min, by 26,2% at 30 min, by 53,3% at 45 min, and by 56,0% at 60 min after exposure, compared to control means.

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Oxidative stress in organophosphate poisoning: role of standard antidotal therapy

Váňová

Pejchal

Herman

et al. 2018

J of Applied Toxicology

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Despite the main mechanism of organophosphate (OP) toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) being well known over the years, some chronic adverse health effects indicate the involvement of additional pathways. Oxidative stress is among the most intensively studied. Overstimulation of cholinergic and glutamatergic nervous system is followed by intensified generation of reactive species and oxidative damage in many tissues. In this review, the role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of OP poisoning and the influence of commonly used medical interventions on its levels are discussed. Current standardized therapy of OP intoxications comprises live-saving administration of the anticholinergic drug atropine accompanied by oxime AChE reactivator and diazepam. The capability of these antidotes to ameliorate OP-induced oxidative stress varies between both therapeutic groups and individual medications within the drug class. Regarding oxidative stress, atropine does not seem to have a significant effect on oxidative stress parameters in OP poisoning. In a case of AChE reactivators, pro-oxidative and antioxidative properties could be found. It is assumed that the ability of oximes to trigger oxidative stress is rather associated with their chemical structure than reactivation efficacy. The data indicating the potency of diazepam in preventing OP-induced oxidative stress are not available. Based on current knowledge on the mechanism of OP-mediated oxidative stress, alternative approaches (including antioxidants or multifunctional drugs) in therapy of OP poisoning are under consideration.

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Sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos induces hematological, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in rat: Attenuation by glutathione

Cited by 73 publications

References 50 publications

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Гематологические Параметры Крыс В Течение Первого Часа После Интоксикации Хлорпирифосом

Oxidative stress in organophosphate poisoning: role of standard antidotal therapy

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