This paper presents a new high order cascade sigma delta modulator called GMSCL. It uses first and/or second order modulator with unity signal transfer function in each stage and a global feedback to lower the sensitivity to circuit imperfections, to relax the output swing and gain requirements of amplifiers and to avoid digital prefiltering in the quantization error cancellation logic. The zeros of the noise transfer function are optimized to improve the modulator performance. This topology is thus very suitable for wideband low voltage applications. Behavioral simulations demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed topology comparing to existing cascade topologies.
I. INTRODUCTIONWideband sigma delta (ΣΔ) modulators with unity signal transfer function (STF) are good candidates for low oversampling rate, low-voltage implementation and high resolution ADC [1-2]. By making the STF unity, the integrators ideally process quantization error only, thus relaxing the requirements of amplifier gain, nonlinearity and output swing.Because of low oversampling rate in wideband applications, multistage noise shaping (MASH) architectures are usually employed to achieve the required performance. These topologies do not suffer from the stability problem of high-order loops, but are sensitive to mismatch between the analogue and digital prefiltering [3].To lower the sensitivity to circuit imperfections, the multistage closed-loop (MSCL) ΣΔ modulator was proposed in 1995 [1]. The MSCL modulator uses unity STF first order and monobit ΣΔ modulators in each stage and a global feedback is introduced from the output to each input. The STF of the MSCL modulator still stays unity and thanks to the global feedback non prefilering is needed in the quantization error logic contrary to MASH topologies . However MSCL ΣΔ modulators give a signal to noise ratio (SNR) weaker than that obtained by traditional MASH structures. To improve the modulator performance, structures called SMASH and MOSMASH were proposed in 2006 and 2007 [4-5]. These two structures use the non-unity STF second order modulators in cascade with a global feedback. Nevertheless, they are sensitive to circuit imperfections. Recently a MSCL modulator using unity STF second order ΣΔ modulators was presented [6]. Because of the use of unity STF modulators, this modulator is better than SMASH modulator in terms of output swing and of tolerance to nonlinearities of amplifiers [6].This paper proposes a new high order ΣΔ modulator called GMSCL (Generalized Multi-Stage Closed Loop Sigma Delta