1984
DOI: 10.2307/258488
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Studying Organizational Cultures through Rites and Ceremonials

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Cited by 308 publications
(286 citation statements)
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“…In general, culture is a property of an organization constituted by (1) its members' taken-forgranted beliefs regarding the nature of reality, called assumptions; (2) a set of normative, moral, and functional guidelines or criteria for making decisions, called values; and (3) the practices or ways of working together that follow from the aforementioned assumptions and values, called artifacts (e.g., Geertz, 1973;Hatch, 1993;Pettigrew, 1979;Schein, 1985Schein, , 1990Trice & Beyer, 1984). Organizational culture reflects a sort of negotiated order (Fine, 1984) that arises and evolves as members work together, expressing preferences, exhibiting more-or-less effective problem-solving styles (Swidler, 1986), and managing, at least satisfactorily, external demands and internal needs for coordination and integration (Schein, 1990).…”
Section: Stakeholder Culturesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, culture is a property of an organization constituted by (1) its members' taken-forgranted beliefs regarding the nature of reality, called assumptions; (2) a set of normative, moral, and functional guidelines or criteria for making decisions, called values; and (3) the practices or ways of working together that follow from the aforementioned assumptions and values, called artifacts (e.g., Geertz, 1973;Hatch, 1993;Pettigrew, 1979;Schein, 1985Schein, , 1990Trice & Beyer, 1984). Organizational culture reflects a sort of negotiated order (Fine, 1984) that arises and evolves as members work together, expressing preferences, exhibiting more-or-less effective problem-solving styles (Swidler, 1986), and managing, at least satisfactorily, external demands and internal needs for coordination and integration (Schein, 1990).…”
Section: Stakeholder Culturesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Watson (1985) Spirituality is a kind of inner energy, which results in individuals' self-transcendence. Trice (1990) Spirituality is the perception of self-transcendence and life meaning.…”
Section: Workplace Spirituality Individual Work Efficacy and Organizmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Generally speaking, Schein believes the causal arrows move from underlying assumptions toward espoused values and artifacts. He gives less credence to symbols and artifacts creating meaning through their interpretation (Denison, 2001;Hatch, 1993;Trice & Beyer, 1984). …”
Section: Schein's Three Levels Of Culturementioning
confidence: 99%