Study to Measure the impact of Pharmacists and Pharmacy Services (STOMPP) on Medication Non-Adherence: Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes

Pinto, Sharrel; Simon, Angela; Osundina, Feyikemi; Jordan, Matthew; Ching, Diana

doi:10.24926/iip.v9i1.1104

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recent evidence suggests that packaging can improve adherence, but the maximal impact on adherence and clinical outcomes stems from the combination of the packaging with medication therapy management services. 39 This finding, combined with understanding of the inconvenience factors identified in the present study, underscores the importance of delivering interventions that make medication management more convenient as individuals manage medication aspects across both the pharmacy and home contexts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

<p>Self-Reported Nonadherence Associated with Pharmacy and Home Medication Management Inconvenience Factors in a US Adult Population</p>

Ellis

Hertz

Callahan

et al. 2020

PPA

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Purpose: Medication nonadherence is a significant and multidimensional problem contributing to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Inconveniences in pharmacy and home contexts may increase nonadherence. This research examined inconveniences in pharmacy and home contexts associated with self-reported nonadherence, controlling for demographic and medication-taking covariates. Methods: Data from 4682 individuals who reported self-managing medications in an online marketing survey between October and December 2017 were analyzed in this secondary analysis. Nonadherence was dichotomized using a single question about likelihood to take medications as prescribed (adherence=always; nonadherence=most of the time, some of the time, never). Multivariable logistic regression with backwards elimination was used to examine the pharmacy (use of home delivery, number prescriptions picked up and visits to pharmacy) and home context (method used to organize/manage medications, satisfaction, and bother with management) variables and the demographic (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, insurance) and medication (number of oral medications, medication changes and frequency of taking) covariates associated with nonadherence. Results: Overall, 25.8% of the responses indicated nonadherence. Nonadherence was more likely for individuals making fewer separate pharmacy trips (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.99); picking up fewer prescriptions (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.99); never, rarely or sometimes using mail order compared with always (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.30-2.26); not satisfied with managing medications (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.42-3.19); and using pill pouches and being bothered by them (OR 8.28; 95% CI 1.83-37.31). Using pill pouches or a pillbox and not being bothered by them significantly decreased nonadherence likelihood. Younger and female respondents and those reporting medication changes in the last year were also more likely to report nonadherence. Conclusion: Though reasons for nonadherence are multidimensional, this study suggests that inconveniences in both the pharmacy and home context are important. Improving adherence requires addressing issues of inconvenience across the care continuum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

<p>Self-Reported Nonadherence Associated with Pharmacy and Home Medication Management Inconvenience Factors in a US Adult Population</p>

Ellis

Hertz

Callahan

et al. 2020

PPA

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“…However, for health technologies to be usable, they need to be well designed, intuitive, easy to use, and meet the profession’s standards ( Johnson et al, 2005 ). Failing to incorporate these features effectively may lead to inefficient care and prove time-consuming and/or labor-intensive ( Mansoor et al, 2014 ; Hall et al, 2016 ; MacLure and Stewart, 2016 ; Pinto et al, 2018 ; Navti and Apampa, 2019 ). Furthermore, the aesthetics of an application can influence perceived usability even if there are no differences in functionality offered ( Kurosu and Kashimura, 1995 ; Tractinsky, 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Usability, Efficacy and Accuracy of a Medication Entering Software System for a Healthcare Robot

et al. 2022

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Purpose: This research aimed to evaluate medication software for a healthcare robot. Study I compared two software versions (RoboGen and RoboGen2) for system usability, speed and accuracy of medication entry; Study II evaluated system usability and community pharmacists’ views of RoboGen2.Methods: Study I had a within-subjects experimental design and recruited 40 Health Sciences students to enter different, comparable sets of prescriptions into the two systems, in randomized order, within a limit of 15 min. Screen activity was recorded to observe prescription errors. Study II had a cross-sectional observational design and recruited 20 community pharmacists using convenience sampling. Pharmacists entered three prescriptions using RoboGen2. Participants in both studies completed the System Usability Scale (SUS) following each task. Study I participants completed a questionnaire on system preference, and Study II participants a semi-structured interview.Results: Study I participants preferred Robogen2 (p < 0.001) due to its sleek and modern layout, good flow, ease of use, and intuitive design. SUS scores [t (40) = −3.40, p = 0.002] and speed of medication entry favored Robogen2 (t = 3.65, p < 0.001). No significance was found in accuracy (t = 1.12, p = 0.27). In study 2, pharmacists rated the usability of RoboGen2 below average. Themes from interviews were navigation and streamlining the system, ease of use, and integration with pharmacy software systems.Conclusion: Adding safety features and better aesthetics can improve the usability and safety of a medication prescription system. Streamlining workflow and pre-populating data can increase speed of prescription entry without compromising patient safety. However, a better approach is integration with pre-existing pharmacy systems to reduce workload while incorporating safety features built into existing dispensing systems.

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“…Many community pharmacies that provide medication adherence packaging services also include regularly scheduled contact points (e.g., telephone calls) with patients to identify and resolve medication-related problems and confirm the patient’s current medication regimen. Adherence packaging has been shown to improve medication adherence as measured by MPR or PDC [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Medication Adherence Packaging Service on Patient-Centered Outcomes at an Independent Community Pharmacy

Phi¹,

Berenbrok

Carroll

et al. 2021

Pharmacy

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The purpose of this project was to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive medication adherence packaging (RxMAP) service on patient medication-taking behaviors and patient-centered outcomes. Adult patients who utilized a single independent community pharmacy, enrolled in the RxMAP service for at least two consecutive cycles, and managed their own medications were eligible. The RxMAP service consists of multi-dose blister packaging in 28-day cycles, medication synchronization, monthly touchpoint calls, and delivery/mailing. A 13-item telephonic survey was administered, and patients’ verbal responses were captured by audio-recording and detailed note taking. Descriptive statistics were used to quantify the results and illustrative quotes representing the interview domains were selected. There were 42 patients who completed the survey: 88% reported they missed fewer doses compared to before using RxMAP; 71% were more likely to take their medications on time each day; 86% were more confident with managing their medications; and 74% were more independent. Finally, 64% of patients stated their overall quality of life was better now compared to before using the packaging service. These results demonstrate that medication adherence packaging services can positively impact patients’ medication-taking behaviors, increase their confidence in medication management, and improve perceived quality of life.

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Study to Measure the impact of Pharmacists and Pharmacy Services (STOMPP) on Medication Non-Adherence: Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

<p>Self-Reported Nonadherence Associated with Pharmacy and Home Medication Management Inconvenience Factors in a US Adult Population</p>

<p>Self-Reported Nonadherence Associated with Pharmacy and Home Medication Management Inconvenience Factors in a US Adult Population</p>

Investigating the Usability, Efficacy and Accuracy of a Medication Entering Software System for a Healthcare Robot

Impact of a Medication Adherence Packaging Service on Patient-Centered Outcomes at an Independent Community Pharmacy

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