Study protocol to investigate the environmental and genetic aetiology of atopic dermatitis: the Indonesian Prospective Study of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants (ISADI)

Abstract

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common skin disorder in young children worldwide, with a high impact on morbidity and quality of life. To date, no prospective study has been published on the incidence and potential predictors of AD in South East Asian populations. The Indonesian Prospective Study of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants (ISADI) will address the genetic, metabolic and dietary characteristics of mothers and their offspring, as well as potential determinants of AD within the first year of infant life.Methods and analysisThis prospective study will be undertaken in about 400 infants to investigate the direct and indirect effects of filaggrin (FLG) gene mutations, the genetic variants of FADS1, FADS2 and FADS3 and the role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on the development of AD. We will use standardised protocols for subject recruitment, umbilical artery plasma analysis, buccal cell sampling for genotyping, fatty acid analysis, physical exams, 3-day food-intake recall of mothers and children, as well as comprehensive questionnaires on environmental, socioeconomic and AD-related factors, including family history. Monthly monitoring by telephone and physical exams every 3 months will be carried out to assess participants' anthropometry, medical history and incidence of AD diagnosis during the first year of life. Hypotheses-driven analyses of quality-controlled dietary, genetic and metabolic data will be performed with state-of-the-art statistical methods (eg, AD-event history, haplotype, dietary or metabolic factor analysis). Direct and indirect effects of genetics and LCPUFA in buccal cell and cord plasma glycerophospholipids as potential mediators of inflammation on AD development will be evaluated by path analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe Permanent Medical Research Ethics Committee in Medicine and Health/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (No. 47/H2.F1/ETIK/2014) approved the study protocol (extended by the letter no. 148/UN2.F1/ETIK/2015). We aim to disseminate our findings via publication in an international journal with high impact factor.

The association of fatty acid desaturase gene polymorphisms on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in Indonesian infants

“…We performed a cross-sectional analysis among 390 mother-infant pairs from the Indonesian Prospective Study of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants (ISADI). The primary endpoint of the ISADI research was to assess the role of filaggrin ( FLG ) gene mutation, FADS1 / FADS2 gene polymorphisms, and LC-PUFAs in atopic dermatitis patients ( 18 ). Our investigation of FADS1 / FADS2 gene polymorphisms and LC-PUFAs in all infants is complete, but genetic exploration of the FLG gene is not yet complete.…”

“…Plasma glycerophospholipid fatty acids were quantified as described previously ( 18 ). Briefly, selective preparation of methyl ester derivatives of glycerophospholipid fatty acids was achieved by coprecipitation of triacylglycerols and cholesterol esters with proteins and base-catalyzed transesterification excluding methyl ester synthesis from nonesterified fatty acids.…”

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) from Fish Oil and Margarine as Bioactive Compound for Anti-inflammation in Occupational Dermatitis

“…The worldwide prevalence of AD has increased in the past three decades. It often begins during early childhood, and adult patients frequently suffer from chronic diseases.The etiology of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but most individuals who are affected are diagnosed with allergic manifestations (e.g., asthma, food allergies, seasonal allergies), and there is no definitive treatment for AD [1][2][3]. disorders, mental health and psychiatric disorders, and cardiovascular disorders as well as immunologic and inflammatory responses [4].…”

Study of associations of haplotypes of FLG gene polymorphism with the development of chronic true eczema in men

“…Заболевание оказывает серьезное негативное влияние на качество жизни больных [5]. Экзема распространена у 10-20% детей, нередко манифестирует в раннем детстве, причем до 45% всех случаев заболевания проявляется в первые 6 месяцев жизни [6]. Согласно данным литературы, общие экономические затраты на лечение экземы в США составляют более 4,2 млрд.…”