Study protocol for the ETMED-L project: longitudinal study of mental health and interpersonal competence of medical students in a Swiss university using a comprehensive framework of empathy

Berney, Alexandre; Carrard, Valérie; Berney, Sylvie; Schlegel, Katja; Gaume, Jacques; Gholam, Mehdi; Bart, Pierre‐Alexandre; Preisig, Martin; Wac, Katarzyna; Mast, Marianne Schmid; Bourquin, Céline

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053070

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, good personal relationships can improve negative emotions and enhance self-efficacy [63]. It is also found that the interpersonal relationship of medical students is related to mental health [64,65], and the bad interpersonal relationship is accompanied by more depression [66]. Therefore, promoting interpersonal adaptation may help directly or indirectly reduce psychological distress in medical students.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress among medical students: multiple mediating roles of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance

et al. 2022

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Background Psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress) is more common among medical students than in the general population, and is an important cause of insomnia, internet addiction, substance abuse, decreased academic performance and increased suicidality in medical students. Methods To examine the mechanism by which regulatory emotional self-efficacy affects medical students' psychological distress, a questionnaire of 539 medical students using an interpersonal adaptability scale, regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale, self-acceptance scale and depression-anxiety-stress scale was conducted. Results ① Regulatory emotional self-efficacy, interpersonal adaptability and self-acceptance are positively correlated, but they are negatively correlated with psychological distress. ② The mediation model shows that interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance are the mediation variables of the effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on psychological distress, and the total mediation effect value is -0.37, accounting for 86.05% of the total effect (-0.43). Specifically, the effect involves three paths: first, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through interpersonal adaptation (effect value-0.24); second, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance (effect value-0.08); and third, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through self-acceptance (effect value -0.05). Conclusions Interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance have a significant mediating effect between regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress, and the chain mediating effect of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance is also significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress among medical students: multiple mediating roles of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance

et al. 2022

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“…This is a longitudinal analysis of data from the ETMED-L project [ 11 ] collected with an open cohort study design. An online questionnaire investigating mental health and interpersonal competence was sent to all medical students (curriculum years 1 to 6) matriculated at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland), except for the students who are at the university as part of an academic exchange.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and burnout during medical school: Longitudinal evolution and covariates

Carrard,

Berney,

Bourquin

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Medical students’ rate of depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, and burnout have been shown to be higher than those of the same-age general population. However, longitudinal studies spanning the whole course of medical school are scarce and present contradictory findings. This study aims to analyze the longitudinal evolution of mental health and burnout from the first to the last year of medical school using a wide range of indicators. Moreover, biopsychosocial covariates that can influence this evolution are explored. Method In an open cohort study design, 3066 annual questionnaires were filled in by 1595 different students from the first to the sixth year of the Lausanne Medical School (Switzerland). Depression symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety symptoms, stress, and burnout were measured along with biopsychosocial covariates. The longitudinal evolution of mental health and burnout and the impact of covariates were modelled with linear mixed models. Results Comparison to a same-aged general population sample shows that medical students reported significantly more depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Medical students’ mental health improved during the course of the studies in terms of depression symptoms, suicidal ideation, and stress, although suicidal ideation increased again in the last year and anxiety symptoms remained stable. Conversely, the results regarding burnout globally showed a significant worsening from beginning to end of medical school. The covariates most strongly related to better mental health and less burnout were less emotion-focused coping, more social support, and more satisfaction with health. Conclusion Both improvement of mental health and worsening of burnout were observed during the course of medical school. This underlines that the beginning and the end of medical school bring specific challenges with the first years’ stressors negatively impacting mental health and the last year’s difficulties negatively impacting burnout.

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“…This study is part of the ETMED-L project, 22 an ongoing open-cohort study of interpersonal competences and mental health of medical students at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland), and aimes to analyse data related to sexism/sexual harassment and mental/physical health collected between 1 November 2021 and 2 December 2021. All medical students (curriculum Years 1–6) registered at Lausanne University Medical School received an invitation to fill in an online survey via their university email account.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of medical students to sexism and sexual harassment and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional study at a Swiss medical school

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesTo assess the self-reported prevalence of sexism and sexual harassment at a Swiss medical school, and to investigate their association with mental health. Research hypotheses were an association between sexism/sexual harassment and poor mental health and a higher prevalence of sexism/sexual harassment in clinical rotations.DesignCross-sectional study as a part of ETMED-L project, an ongoing cohort study of interpersonal competences and mental health of medical students.SettingSingle-centre Swiss study using an online survey submitted to medical students.ParticipantsFrom 2096 registered students, 1059 were respondents (50.52%). We excluded 26 participants (25 due to wrong answers to attention questions, and 1 who did not answer the sexism exposure question). The final sample (N=1033) included 720 women, 300 men and 13 non-binary people.MeasuresPrevalence of self-reported exposure to sexism/sexual harassment. Multivariate regression analyses of association between being targeted by sexism or sexual harassment and mental health (depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, stress, burnout, substance use and recent mental health consultation). Regression models adjusted for gender, academic year, native language, parental education level, partnership and an extracurricular paid job.ResultsBeing targeted by sexism or sexual harassment was reported by 16% of participants with a majority of women (96%). The prevalence increased with clinical work. After adjusting for covariates, we found association between being targeted by sexism/harassment and risk of depression (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.54 to 3.41, p<0.001), suicidal ideation (B coefficient (B) 0.37, p<0.001) and anxiety (B 3.69, p<0.001), as well as cynicism (B 1.46, p=0.001) and emotional exhaustion (B 0.94, p=0.044) components of burnout, substance use (B 6.51, p<0.001) and a recent mental health consultation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.66, p=0.005).ConclusionsSexism and sexual harassment, although less common than usually reported, are behaviours of concern in this medical school and are significantly associated with mental health.

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Study protocol for the ETMED-L project: longitudinal study of mental health and interpersonal competence of medical students in a Swiss university using a comprehensive framework of empathy

Cited by 7 publications

References 96 publications

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress among medical students: multiple mediating roles of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress among medical students: multiple mediating roles of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance

Mental health and burnout during medical school: Longitudinal evolution and covariates

Exposure of medical students to sexism and sexual harassment and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional study at a Swiss medical school

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