Study on the Wear Modes of PVD Films Using Different Concentrations of Al2O3 Abrasive Particles and Textured Rotating Balls

Abstract

Abrasive wear is a wear mechanism that results in a loss of material from the interaction of a surface with hard particles. This type of wear is frequently found in the surface of machining tools. Microscale abrasion equipment is often used to characterize the resistance to abrasive wear of a surface. The different parameters able to control micro-abrasion wear tests, such as ball rotation, sliding distance between ball and surface sample, abrasive slurry concentration, normal load acting on the sample, and abrasive flow rate over the sample, have been widely studied. The combination of different variables, including sliding distance, concentration of abrasive particles, their hardness, and size of abrasive particles, promotes the transition between two-body, three-body, or mixed abrasive wear modes. However, the influence of the ball surface on the dragging of abrasive particles, which is reflected in the wear modes, is still poorly studied. One of the variables possible to control and less studied is the influence of the ball surface texture on the dragging of abrasive particles in micro-abrasion wear tests. This work intends to correlate the effect of different testing times (500, 1000, and 1500 cycles) and different concentrations of 3 μm Al2O3 abrasive slurry (25, 35, and 45 g/100 mL) on the micro abrasion resistance of a TiN thin coating film, using balls of AISI 52100 steel whose texture and roughness were prepared by 60 s chemical etching. The rotation speed of each test was 80 rpm, applying a normal load of 2 N. Subsequently, the craters were carefully analyzed using SEM to evaluate the transition of the wear mode as a function of the applied load, the abrasive particle concentration, and the sliding distance. The textured ball tracks were observed via SEM to assess the particle dynamics. The results showed that, contrarily to what is reported in the literature regarding wear modes where rolling is promoted with increasing abrasive concentration, in this work grooving took place instead. This is a result of the rough balls use in the experiments which, due to the embedment of abrasive particles in the ball grooves, promotes the abrasion mechanism. The higher the abrasive concentration, the higher the grooving mechanism, since more particles are available to scratch the surface.

Study on the Micro-Abrasion Wear Behavior of PVD Hard Coating under Different SiC Abrasive Particles/Distilled Water Ratios

“…From Table 2 and Figure 10, it is possible to state that there is a tendency to increase the surface roughness of the craters as both the normal load applied and the abrasive slurry concentration are increased. A similar observation was made by Pinto et al [58], which studied the different wear mechanism using alumina abrasive particles, textured balls, and increasing sliding distance.…”

“…The result of the indentations can be seen in Figure 5a and in more detail in Figure 5b, where the presence of cracks is visible, marked with a red rectangle. The cracks identified on the indentation edge allow the classification of the cracking pattern as HF1 failure type, as reported in [42,58]. Thus, according to VDI Standard 3198: 1991 [52], this failure is classified as acceptable.…”