Study on the Rationality for Antiviral Activity of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae-Fructus Forsythiae Herb Couple Preparations Improved by Chito-Oligosaccharide via Integral Pharmacokinetics

Abstract

In the present study, the rationality for the antiviral effect (H1N1 virus) of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae (FLJ, named JinYinHua)-Fructus forsythiae (FF, named LianQiao) herb couple preparations improved by chito-oligosaccharide (COS) was investigated. We found that the improvement of antiviral activity for four preparations attributed to the enhancement of bioavailability for the FLJ-FF herb couple in vivo, and that caffeic acid derivatives are the most important type of components for antiviral activity. The anti-Influenza virus activity-half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), not area under concentration (AUC) was considered as the weighting factor for integrating the pharmacokinetics of caffeic acid derivatives. It was found that the integral absorption, both in vitro and in vivo, especially that in Shuang-Huang-Lian, can be improved significantly by COS, an absorption enhancer based on tight junction. The results indicated that the antiviral activity in four preparations improved by COS was mainly attributed to the integral absorption enhancement of caffeic acid derivatives.

Antiviral effect of phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Applications and drug delivery strategies

“…Flos Lonicerae Japonicae and Fructus forsythia are used together in Chinese herbal remedies, and both have antiviral, antibacterial, and antiinflammatory properties. An attempt was made to enhance the bioavailability and antiinfluenza properties of the herb combination by chito-oligosaccharide, a chitosan derivative [122]. In a cell culture antiinfluenza assay, chito-oligosaccharide improved the activity of extracts containing Flos Lonicerae Japonicae and Fructus forsythia, compared to extracts that do not contain the chito-oligosaccharide.…”

“…Black, 1:1:2-fold of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae, Fructus Forsythiae, and Radix Scutellariae, respectively; red, only Radix Scutellariae; green, 2:2:2-fold of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae, Fructus Forsythiae, and Radix Scutellariae, respectively; yellow, COS with added Radix Scutellariae only; blue, COS with added 1:1:2-fold of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae, Fructus Forsythiae, and Radix Scutellariae, respectively (n = 6). Reproduced from [122] with permission [156]. Drug release was characterized in vitro for curcumin solution, curcumin-loaded nanolipid carrier, and curcumin-loaded nanolipid carrier with N-acetyl L-cysteine PEG.…”

Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos: a systematic review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

“…Acetaminophen (AP)-induced hepatotoxicity was the most common acute liver injury in both the United States and the United Kingdom Zhou et al 2017). To date, JYH, L. macranthoides and L. fulvotomentosa have already been confirmed liver protective activities through various in vitro and in vivo trials Sun et al 2010;Shi and Liu 1995), and there was no significant difference in liver protective activities between them (Tang et al 2016).…”

Supplemental Plant Extracts From Flos lonicerae in Combination With Baikal skullcap Attenuate Intestinal Disruption and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Laying Hens Challenged by Salmonella pullorum

“…Flos lonicerae and Baikal skullcap are widely planted in China and used as the sources of traditional herbal medicines (Zhou et al, 2017). The extracts from Flos lonicerae and Baikal skullcap were associated with various biological properties such as heat-clearing, antioxidation and immune-regulation (Mo et al, 2012).…”