Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos: a systematic review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

Abstract

Lonicerae japonicae flos (called Jinyinhua, JYH in Chinese), flowers or flower buds of Lonicera japonica Thunberg, is an extremely used traditional edible-medicinal herb. Pharmacological studies have already proved JYH ideal clinical therapeutic effects on inflammation and infectious diseases and prominent effects on multiple targets in vitro and in vivo, such as pro-inflammatory protein inducible nitric oxide synthase, toll-like receptor 4, interleukin-1 receptor. JYH and Lonicerae flos [called Shanyinhua, SYH in Chinese, flowers or flower buds of Lonicera hypoglauca Miquel, Lonicera confusa De Candolle or Lonicera macrantha (D.Don) Spreng]which belongs to the same family of JYH were once recorded as same herb in multiple versions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP). However, they were listed as two different herbs in 2005 Edition ChP, leading to endless controversy since they have close proximity on plant species, appearances and functions, together with traditional applications. In the past decades, there has no literature regarding to systematical comparison on the similarity concerning research achievements of the two herbs. This review comprehensively presents similarities and differences between JYH and SYH retrospectively, particularly proposing them the marked differences in botanies, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities which can be used as evidence of separate list of JYH and SYH. Furthermore, deficiencies on present studies have also been discussed so as to further research could use for reference.

A two-herb formula inhibits hyperproliferation of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes

“…), was written by a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor Sun Simiao in c. 652 A.D. (Tang dynasty of China) for managing inflammatory and/or infectious diseases 9 , 10 . RMF 11 and LJF 12 , 13 , owing to their low toxicity, are consumed as nutraceuticals in diverse cultures. They are also used as folk remedies for treating RA 10 , 14 – 16 .…”

Effect of polyphenols from <i>Syringa vulgaris</i> on blood stasis syndrome

“…Flavonoids 1 and 2 have been isolated from many plants, and their various biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet aggregation activities have been reported. ( 14 – 17 ) However, this is the first study to report the ameliorating effects of LSV and FSV on blood stasis syndrome using HEL-sensitized model mice. We previously reported that the mechanisms of HEL-induced blood flow decrease are complicated and involve various factors that may be related to stagnant blood and inflammation, such as NO, PGI 2 , TXA 2 , ET-1, COX and NOS.…”

“…( 14 , 16 , 19 ) Inhibition of blood flow decrease by compounds 1 and 2 may occur in a similar manner. In contrast, flavonoids 3 and 4 , which have been reported to exert inhibitory effects on the above-mentioned factors, ( 14 , 16 , 18 ) did not inhibit blood flow decrease. In vivo and in vitro activities of polyphenols from S. vulgaris may not necessarily be similar.…”

Toxicity as prime selection criterion among SARS-active herbal medications

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