Study on the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk and meat/fish based baby food available in Italy

Santonicola, Serena; Albrizio, Stefania; Murru, Nicoletta; Ferrante, Maria Carmela; Mercogliano, Raffaelina

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.017

Cited by 55 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Infant foods are wildly concerned for its potential safety issues [5,6]. It is reported that PAH levels are highest in fatenriched foods, including infant formula powder, that contain vegetable oils such as coconut oil, palm oil, and soybean oil [4,[7][8][9]; the oils have been reported to contain PAH contamination to varying degrees in the order of corn oil, grape seed oil, groundnut oil, olive oil, palm oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, soybean oil, and sunflower seed oil [10][11][12][13]; the PAHs enter infant formula powders through these vegetable oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Quality

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A gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was developed to assess the infant exposure assessment from four important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) markers in infant formula powder: benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo [b] fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene (collectively referred to as PAH4). e developed method required the addition of an isotopically labeled internal standard, sample extraction under alkali conditions, a saponification step, and a solid-phase extraction purification step. In a controlled spike test, the average recovery rates of PAH4 were 77.3% to 111.8% and the relative standard deviations were 4.8% to 14.2% (n = 6). e quantitative limit (LOQ) and detection limit (LOD) of the method were 0.5 and 0.1 μg·kg − 1 , respectively. e PAH4 content was analyzed in 30 commercially available infant formula powders. e PAH4 content was found to be in the range of 0.1 to 0.87 μg·kg − 1 . Combined with the daily intake of infant milk powder in China, the average and maximum daily exposure of BaP for stage-1 infants in China are 0.45 ng/kg.bw.d − 1 and 1.9 ng/kg.bw.d − 1 and the PAH4 values are 8.6 ng/kg.bw.d − 1 and 18.6 ng/kg.bw.d − 1 , respectively. e PAH4 content in the tested infant formula powders sold in the China were sufficiently low, and all of the tested products were safe for consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Quality

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“…; Santonicola et al . ), high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection (HPLC‐UV) (Lin and Zhu ; Lin et al . ; Corredera et al .…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Pah Determination In Milk and Milk Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods used for determination of PAHs in dairy products include HPLC-FLD (Kishikawa et al 2003;Santonicola et al 2017), high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) (Lin and Zhu 2004;Lin et al 2005;Corredera et al 2011;Liu et al 2011;Kumari et al 2012) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Aguinaga et al 2007;Sanagi et al 2013;Lee et al 2015) or gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) (Veyrand et al 2007;Corredera et al 2011) depending on the nature of the sample and its volatility. The procedure of sample preparation such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase and soxhlet saponification with methanolic KOH solution (Lee and Shim 2007) is actually difficult and time-consuming and requires the use many solvents.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Pah Determination In Milk and Milk Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Santonicola et al. (), the incidence of BaA and BkF in milk‐based baby food was 1.28, 2.45 and 25.86 μg/kg, respectively, probably due to an increase of pyrolytic emissions. The results showed a potential risk for high‐level consumers’ health through the consumption of milk‐based baby foods.…”

Section: Formation Occurrence and Health Impacts Of Pahs In Milk Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of PAHs in milk-based baby foods has been explored in different studies (Kishikawa et al 2003;Aguinaga et al 2007;Santonicola et al 2017). According to Santonicola et al (2017), the incidence of BaA and BkF in milk-based baby food was 1.28, 2.45 and 25.86 lg/kg, respectively, probably due to an increase of pyrolytic emissions. The results showed a potential risk for high-level consumers' health through the consumption of milk-based baby foods.…”

Section: Milk-based Baby Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk and dairy products

Amirdivani

Khorshidian

Dana³

et al. 2018

Int J of Dairy Tech

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds with a structure consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms that have more than two fused aromatic rings. Most PAHs have carcinogenic effects on animal or humans and induce various cancers. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a consequence of environmental pollutants, imperfect burning or pyrolysis of organic substances during industrial processing. Additionally, foods can be contaminated during their processing and preparation through different heat treatments. This review highlights the formation, occurrence and health impacts of PAHs in milk and milk products, and analytical technique used for their determination in dairy products.

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PTS in Aquatic Environment

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Sun

et al. 2018

Persistent Toxic Substances Monitoring

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Study on the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk and meat/fish based baby food available in Italy

Cited by 55 publications

References 36 publications

Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder

Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk and dairy products

PTS in Aquatic Environment

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