Study on the minimum required size of the low-band cellular antenna in variable-sized mobile terminals

Holopainen, Jari; Ilvonen, Janne; Valkonen, Risto; Al‐Hadi, Azremi Abdullah; Vainikainen, P.

doi:10.1109/eucap.2012.6206398

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the size of the terminal on which the antenna is located and the location of the antenna relative to the chassis have a considerable effect on the mobile terminal antenna performance [19]. As discussed earlier, either nonresonant [10], [11], [20] or resonant type [4]- [8] antennas can be used as the low-band antenna.…”

Section: A Low-band Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategy for 4G Handset Antennas and a Multiband Hybrid Antenna

Ilvonen

Valkonen

Holopainen

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel design strategy for multi-standard mobile handset antennas is presented and verified with experimental results. The results show that the presented antenna operates with better than 3 dB (50%) efficiency across the frequencies of 698-2900 MHz and 3250-3600 MHz, thus having state-of-the-art performance. The antenna is shown to have a robust performance with a user, and it can fulfill the specific absortion rate (SAR) and hearing aid compatibility (HAC) requirements. In addition, it is demonstrated how the multi-antenna functionality can be included within the antenna structure, simultaneously achieving a small antenna volume of 750 . The diversity gain and isolation are better than 10 dB at the frequency band 2110-3600 MHz. Hence, the proposed antenna is well suited for future LTE-A mobile handsets. Index Terms-Antenna diversity, capacitive coupling element (CCE) antenna, inverted-L antenna (ILA), LTE communication systems, mobile antennas, multiantenna, multiband, user effect.

show abstract

Section: A Low-band Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategy for 4G Handset Antennas and a Multiband Hybrid Antenna

Ilvonen

Valkonen

Holopainen

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To excite these radiation modes, four nonresonant elements having small dimensions of just 5 × 5 × 5 mm 3 are arranged in the corners of the ground plane where minimums of current distribution appear (Fig. ) . Due to the highly reactive behavior of the nonresonant elements, the challenge of these radiating systems mainly relies on attaining impedance matching.…”

Section: Radiating Structure and Radiofrequency Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, Refs. describe the use of nonresonant elements to excite the efficient radiation mode that the inherent ground plane of current handset platforms performs at mobile frequencies. In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, the radiation is mainly provided by the ground plane because the nonresonant elements feature extremely poor stand‐alone radiation properties due to their reduced size of just 5 × 5 × 5 mm 3 . Their arrangement with respect to the ground plane, their nature (inductive or capacitive), and their size strongly conditions the ground plane mode excitation . A further challenge appears in this kind of radiating systems, which is related to the radiofrequency system used for providing impedance matching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further challenge appears in this kind of radiating systems, which is related to the radiofrequency system used for providing impedance matching. Usually, a radiofrequency system based on filters and resonators that integrate a large number of reactive elements (either lumped components or distributed elements) is required to provide impedance matching at multiple frequency bands . To improve the ground plane mode excitation while simplifying the required radiofrequency system, this article proposes the use of two paired small nonresonant elements (5 × 5 × 5 mm 3 ) located in the corners of a rectangular ground plane featuring typical dimensions of current smartphones (120 × 50 mm 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distributed Systems Robust to Hand Loading Based on Nonresonant Elements

Andújar¹,

Anguera

Cobo³

2013

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship curves of PMF1 dips and PMF2 dips between the wavelength shifts and the temperature which ranged from 20 to 40 C are shown in Figure 5. It is observed that two wavelength dips slide synchronously in same directions and the temperature sensitive coefficients are 20.2530 and 20.2594 nm/ C, respectively. It proves that temperature effect can be neglected.To measure the reversibility of the optical fiber humidity sensor, the humidity sensor was subjected to one cycle of humidity between 20 and 80%. From the results shown in Figure 6, it is observed that the humidity exhibits good reproducibility. The time response of the proposed sensor was also evaluated during the experiment. The response time of the sensor is about 6 sec when the surrounding RH is increased from 20 and 80%. Compared with recently reported humidity sensors [14-16], it is not only fast response time but also high sensitivity. The time response is dependent on a numerous of factors convoluted together, including the water absorption rate, the swelling rate, and the thickness of the coating material that is applied as the sensing element for humidity measurement. The time response of the proposed sensor can be improved by optimizing the coating parameters and thickness. CONCLUSIONA relative humidity sensor based on two PMFs Sagnac interferometer with temperature compensation is presented and demonstrated experimentally. The resonant wavelength dips of the proposed sensor have a red-shifted linearly with the increase of humidity values. The sensitivity of the humidity measurement of about 111.5 pm/%RH is achieved within the humidity range 20-80%RH, whereas the coefficient effected by temperature is only 7.2 pm/ C that the temperature can be totally neglected during the experimental process. Moreover, the sensor structure is very simple and easy to setup and inexpensive, so it shows the great potential for RH sensing applications. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Relative humidity sensor based on tilted fiber Bragg grating with polyvinyl alcohol coating, IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 21 (2009), 441-443. 5. J.M. Corres, F.J. Arregui, and I.R. Matias, Design of humidity sensors based on tapered optical fibers, J Lightwave Technol 24 (2006), 4329-4336. 6. O. Frazao, B.V. Marques, P. Jorge, J.M. Baptista, and J.L. Santos, High birefringence D-type fiber loop mirror used as refractometer, Sens Actuators B Chem 135 (2008), 108-111. 7. Simultaneous strain and temperature measurement using a highly birefringence fiber loop mirror and a long-period grating written in a photonic crystal fiber, Opt Commun 282 (2009), 4077-4080.

show abstract

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and fifth generation (5G): an indispensable technology for sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave future generation mobile terminal applications

Ishteyaq

Muzaffar

2021

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The in-depth exploration in the future 5G technology symbolizes a revolution in technology for antenna designers to encounter the all time increasing need as well as demand for higher data rate wireless communications. The paper gives out an exhaustive review of the evolution and characteristics of the 5G spectrum allocations, the MIMO antenna design with regard to mutual coupling reduction techniques and safer user applications. It precisely covers almost all the aspects of 5G which mainly include the types of antenna designs and their performance parameters related to MIMO design. The paper also presents a brief description of massive MIMO technology for base station applications. The main aim of the paper is: (1) to emphasize the frequencies allocated for the 5G including sub-6 Ghz and mm-wave bands; (2) to underline the suitable antenna designs for MIMO applications for mobile devices and base stations; (3) to highlight the mutual coupling effects in MIMO designs and its reduction techniques; (4) to consider the gaps in the literature and the challenges for reducing SAR effects for the safety of the users. This review paper has been an attempt to explore the evolution of 5G bands and antenna designs for 5G applications, comparison based on the literature, and the techniques implemented for enhancing the MIMO antenna performances.

show abstract

Study on the minimum required size of the low-band cellular antenna in variable-sized mobile terminals

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Design Strategy for 4G Handset Antennas and a Multiband Hybrid Antenna

Design Strategy for 4G Handset Antennas and a Multiband Hybrid Antenna

Distributed Systems Robust to Hand Loading Based on Nonresonant Elements

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and fifth generation (5G): an indispensable technology for sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave future generation mobile terminal applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About