Study on the independent effect of thyroid hormone based on uric acid level on NAFLD

Abstract

Objective This study aims to explain the correlation among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperuricemia, and thyroid function and to find independent risk factors for each other. Methods Data were obtained from subjects who underwent health examination in the Health Promotion Centre of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to February 2019. The diagnosis of NAFLD was according to the clinical diagnosis of the guidelines. Serum uric acid (SUA) > 360 μmol/L (female) and SUA > 420 μmol/L (male) were enrolled in the hyperuricemia group. R software was used for statistical analysis. Results 55,449 subjects were included in the analysis. 34.27% of patients were classified as NAFLD group (N=19004), and 65.73% of patients were classified as non-NAFLD group (N=36445). The levels of gender ratio, age, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDLC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CR), FT3, FT4, and TSH were significantly different between the non-NAFLD group and NAFLD group. Age, BMI, waist circumference, DBP, fFBG, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDLC), AST, and UA were all independent risk factors for NAFLD. In the normal uric acid group, variables other than SBP and TSH were independent factors of NAFLD. In the hyperuricemia group, all variables except SBP, FT4, and TSH were independent factors of NAFLD. Conclusion The level of uric acid is related to the occurrence of NAFLD. Hyperuricemia is one of the independent risk factors of NAFLD. TSH level is not related to the occurrence of NAFLD, while FT3 and FT4 may be related to NAFLD.

Effect of Two Different Dietary Weight Loss Strategies on Risk Factors for Urinary Stone Formation and Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in Overweight Women

“…Besides dietary risk factors such as consumption of animal-derived purine-rich foods, legumes, and alcoholic beverages [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], serum uric acid concentration is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome [ 34 , 35 ]. Many studies have shown that serum uric acid is also associated with the risk for developing NAFLD [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. A longitudinal cohort study reported that serum uric acid levels were positively correlated with higher serum ALT (GPT), AST (GOT), and TG, and inversely associated with serum HDL-C levels in men with NAFLD [ 40 ].…”

Impact renaming non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic associated fatty liver disease in prevalence, characteristics and risk factors

“…First, SUA may act as an oxidant and elevated levels may increase oxidative stress, thereby promoting the development of MAFLD. Second, SUA[ 34 ] induces adipogenesis through the production of endoplasmic reticulum, activating fatty acid synthase and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase and leading to the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. Indeed, low TBIL[ 35 ] and creatinine levels may be associated with MAFLD risk.…”

Targeting Thyroid Hormone/Thyroid Hormone Receptor Axis: An Attractive Therapy Strategy in Liver Diseases

“…In addition, Chao et al thought that FT3 and FT4 are independent risk factors to MAFLD. Conversely, although the level of TSH in non-MAFLD and MAFLD subjects who are undergoing health examinations are significantly different, TSH is excluded as an independent risk factor of MAFLD ( Zhang X. et al, 2020 ; Chao and Chen, 2021 ). As described earlier, there is still controversy to identify TSH and TH as independent risk factors of MAFLD.…”