Impact renaming non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic associated fatty liver disease in prevalence, characteristics and risk factors

Abstract

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated cholangiopathy causing biliary tree inflammation and scarring, leading to liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis of PSC is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other liver diseases. Despite the rising incidence of PSC, there is no proven medical therapy that can alter the natural history of the disease. While liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective approach for managing advanced liver disease caused by PSC, post-transplantation recurrence of PSC remains a challenge. Therefore, ongoing research aims to develop better therapies for PSC, and continued efforts are necessary to improve outcomes for patients with PSC. This article provides an overview of PSC’s pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options, including LT trends and future aspects. It also highlights the need for improved therapeutic options and ethical considerations in providing equitable access to LT for patients with PSC. Additionally, the impact of liver transplant on the quality of life and psychological outcomes of patients with PSC is discussed. Ongoing research into PSC’s pathogenesis and post-transplant recurrence is crucial for improved understanding of the disease and more effective treatment options.

Elevated small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…It could be seen from Table S1 that compared with SHR <1.02, patients with SHR ≥1.02 generally have a higher level or proportion of males, BMI, waist circumference, HbA1c, FCP, 2 h PCP, ALT, GGT, and uric acid. However, the abnormality of the above indicators was closely related to the MAFLD 32–34 . When the SHR was above 1.02, SHR had a relatively weak effect on MAFLD due to the presence of these MAFLD risk factors.…”

Association of NAFLD/NASH, and MAFLD/MASLD with chronic kidney disease: an updated narrative review

“…Table 1 highlights the commonalities and differences between the various definitions: NAFLD/MAFLD/MASLD [5,6] With this evolving backset, some experts believe that the continuing controversy on the nomenclature of NAFLD is confusing clinical hepatologists [7] . Of concern in this regard is that while NAFLD and MAFLD define different patient populations [8,9] , MASLD and NAFLD reportedly describe the same patient population [10] .…”

“…However, specifically regarding the CKD arena, the potential benefits of these nomenclature changes remain uncertain given that the MAFLD definition probably "captures" the risk of incident CKD risk better than NAFLD in adults [50] but not in children [187] . Moreover, MASLD may inappropriately rule out patients with significant liver fibrosis, particularly lean women with NAFLD [188] , and may otherwise probably overlap with NAFLD as far as the natural history is concerned [8] . In this connection, comparative studies between the various NAFLD/ MAFLD/MASLD nomenclatures would be hampered if the adoption of the MASLD nosography were to be universally and abruptly adopted [189] .…”

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the evaluation of liver steatosis: data reliability in different respiratory phases and body positions

“…The most common chronic liver disease is liver steatosis or fatty liver, which affects 10–24% of the general population [ 1 ]. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease related not only to alcohol consumption but also to diabetes, hyperlipidemia, toxins, drugs, or genetic diseases [ 2 , 3 ].…”