Study on the incidence of Salmonella enteritidis in Poultry and meat Samples by Cultural and PCR Methods

Abstract

Aim: To study the incidence of S.enteritidis in poultry and meat samples by cultural and PCR methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 samples (25 each of chicken, mutton, poultry faeces, cloacal samples and 10 each of liver, spleen and kidney) collected from different sources were subjected to cultural and PCR methods for the presence of Salmonella and Salmonella enteritidis. Primers for invA and sefA gene were used for Salmonella and S.enteritidis respectively. Results: Out of 130 samples, 87 were positive for Salmonella spp. i.e. chicken-16(64%), mutton-12(48%), faeces-23(92%), cloacal swabs-23(92%), liver-5(50%), spleen and kidney samples-4(40%) each by PCR methods, whereas 77 were positive by cultural method i.e. chicken-14(56%), mutton-10(40%), faeces-22(88%), cloacal swabs-21(84%), liver-4(40%), spleen and kidney-3(30% each). Out of 87 positive for Salmonella by PCR method, 59(chicken-12, mutton-7, faeces-17, cloacal swabs-15, liver-3, spleen-2, kidney-3) were positive for S.enteritidis. High incidence of S.enteritidis (68%) in all the above samples are indicative of unhygienic conditions in poultry farms. Selective enrichment with Rappaport-Vassilidias (RV) broths and Tetrathionate (TT) broths were superior over Selenite-F (SF) and Selenite cysteine (SC) broths. Conclusions: High incidence of S.enteritidis was seen in most of poultry samples like chicken, kidney, liver and it's faeces than mutton, which was indicative of contamination of S.enteritidis is more prevalent in poultry farms.

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella serovars in integrated crop‐livestock farms and their products sold in local markets

“…It is worth noting that we found very limited literature is available on the prevalence of Salmonella contamination on poultry products from MCL farm sold in farmers markets in the Unites States. However, this should not be surprising since Salmonella detection rates in developing countries, which often rely on MCL farming for poultry products production, have been reported in multiple studies, including 27.0% in Colombia (Donado‐Godoy et al ., ), 52.2% in China (Yang et al ., ), 67.8% in India (Ramya et al ., ), 33.3% in Nigeria (Adeyanju and Ishola, ) and 45.9% in Vietnam (Ta et al ., ). In this study, the overall Salmonella prevalence (17.9%) in retail markets was found significantly lower than those in developing countries.…”

Isolation, serotype diversity and antibiogram of Salmonella enterica isolated from different species of poultry in India

“…Salmonellosis has been endemic in poultry industry of India [4]. Several researchers have reported variable prevalence rates of Salmonella infection in different parts of India [5,6] . Diverse number of serovars of Salmonella has been reported from poultry worldwide.…”

Multidrug resistant Salmonella sp isolated from chicken

“…Infection of Salmonella in poultry is often referred to as fowl typhoid, which affect birds of all ages (Ramya et al, 2012). Salmonella is most found in the gastro intestinal tract of birds, however, because of their invasive mechanism, they get their way into tissues of the host.…”

“…Thereafter, a loop full of the activated organism in the Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth was inoculated on SalmonellaShigella agar and nutrient agar (Biomark) and incubated for 24 hours at 37 o C temperature in an incubator (Royalcare England. DNP 9022A) (Ramya et al, 2012). Further confirmation of Salmonella was done by Gram reaction, motility, catalase, oxidase, nitrate, urease, indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, and citrate tests (Atere et al, 2015a).…”