Study on single-stage hydrocracking of vacuum residue in the suspension of Ni–Mo catalyst

Impact of vaporization in a residue hydroconversion process

“…If the gas void fraction is too high, coalescence leading to turbulent bubbling or even foaming can be observed (McKnight et al (2003)). Mosiewski and Morawski (2005) have found that conversion mainly depends upon space velocity of the feed and temperature, and that hydrogen partial pressure and catalyst concentration do not influence conversion significantly. This clearly illustrates that hydroconversion is initiated by thermal cracking of residue while catalytic hydrogenation stabilizes radicals that are formed.…”

“…They used bench unit data and tracer work to evaluate kinetic parameters and axial dispersion coefficients. Recently, Mosiewski and Morawski (2005) studied hydroconversion of a vacuum residue in a single stirred reactor with dispersed catalyst under continuous operation conditions. They studied the effect of operating parameters such as temperature, hydrogen partial pressure, catalyst concentration and LHSV on residue conversion, asphaltene conversion and hydrodesulfurization.…”

Heavy oil upgrading in a hydrodynamic cavitation system: CFD modelling, effect of the presence of hydrogen donor and metal nanoparticles

“…Mos 2 ), and natural and synthetic zeolites are used as catalysts in catalytic cracking and hydrocracking processes. [22][23][24][25] Metal oxides (e.g. iron, cobalt, titanium, magnesium, nickel, and copper oxides) are used for adsorption and oxidation of asphaltene molecules to decrease the asphaltene content of a crude oil and upgrade it.…”

“…Mo, Pt), metal salts (e.g. Mos 2 ), and natural and synthetic zeolites are used as catalysts in catalytic cracking and hydrocracking processes . Metal oxides (e.g.…”

“…The role of a catalyst in catalytic cracking or hydrocracking processes, on the other hand, is to eliminate the condensation reactions of highly unsaturated compounds that yield from the cracking process by favouring the hydrogenation reactions. Another important function of the catalysts is boosting the hydrodesulphurization reactions …”