Study on seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus on blood donors at State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta, Ogun State

Abstract

Viral hepatitis B has been classified as being a prevalent infection that is caused by the infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), resulting in acute and chronic liver diseases globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the number of people exposed to the Hepatitis B virus is about 2 billion global population and two hundred and forty million of the world population are chronic carriers. This work is on screening of blood for possible hepatitis B infection among the donors at State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta, Ogun State, to determine the prevalence of such cases. The study was conducted from August 2021 through January 2022 at State Hospital, Ijaye, Abeokuta, Ogun State, South-west Nigeria. Two hundred (200) adults that were voluntary blood donors in the age range of 20 to 50 years old were selected for the study. And, two mililitres of blood samples were collected from each donor using vacutainer tubes and allowed to clot at 25 °C. A 50 µl serum of each blood sample was then pipetted from the vacutainer tube for analysis using the Lab ACON HBsAg Test strip. Positive samples to the HBsAg Test strip were further tested, using the primary confirmatory test: Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) using the ARCHITECT HBsAg Qualitative Confirmatory assay. Twenty-seven samples originally tested positive for HBsAg, and twenty-two were confirmed HBsAg-positive using Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA), giving an overall prevalence of 11%, this being considered greater than the threshold of 7 % rated as HBsAg in an adult population, the study sample indicated an endemic population.