Study on Retinopathy And Microalbuminuria In Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Hypertension

Mittal, Dr.Surender; Capoor, Shekhar; Saxena, Gaurav; Gupta, Deepak

doi:10.9790/0853-1602033941

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Based on the prolonged-QTc-interval in diabetics with normoalbuminuria and patients with microalbuminuria, an odds ratio of 4.3, as observed in a study by Mittal et al [8], with 90% power and 95% confidence, the minimum sample size was calculated to be 47 in each group, with a total of 94 patients. A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study.…”

Section: Sample Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association Between Microalbuminuria and QTc Prolongation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Study From South India

Dominic¹,

Henry²,

Kartha³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background: One of the most significant complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diabetic nephropathy, the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Another important clinical marker in patients with type 2 diabetes is QTc interval prolongation. We aimed to study the association between QTc interval prolongation and microalbuminuria in patients with T2DM.Objective: The primary objective of this study was to examine the association between QTc interval prolongation and microalbuminuria in patients with T2DM. The secondary objective was to correlate the prolongation of the QTc interval with the duration of T2DM.Materials and methods: This study was conducted as a single-centre, prospective, observational study in a tertiary-care centre in South India, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center. The study was conducted over two years, between April 2020 and April 2022. Patients aged more than 18 with T2DM with and without microalbuminuria were recruited into the study and control groups, and various parameters, including QTC intervals, were recorded.Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study, with 60 patients with microalbuminuria forming the study group and 60 patients without microalbuminuria forming the control group. There was a statistically significant association between microalbuminuria with a prolonged QTc interval, hypertension, a longer duration of T2DM, higher haemoglobin AIc (HbA1c) levels, and higher serum creatinine values.

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Section: Sample Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T2DM was defined as 'FBS ≥ 126 mg/dl or random blood sugar (RBS) ≥ 200 mg/dl or HbA1c ≥ 6.5 % or an oral glucose tolerance testing showing a two-hour plasma glucose value ≥ 200 mg/dl' [8].…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Microalbuminuria and QTc Prolongation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Study From South India

Dominic¹,

Henry²,

Kartha³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…The evaluation of the QT interval is a simple and cost-effective method that can predict the risk of cardiovascular complications and sudden death. QT dispersion has been shown to reflect electrical disturbances related to autonomic dysfunction and can serve as a prognostic marker of cardiac mortality in many studies [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Microalbuminuria/Creatinine Ratio and QTc Dispersion in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Duran

2024

JOJUN

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Objective: The assessment of QTc dispersion (QTd) is of importance in determining the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our study explored the relationship between the microalbumin/creatinine (MA/crea) ratio and QT(cd) in the context of CAN development in DN. Material and Methods: We selected fifty individuals with a spot urine MA/crea ratio of less than 30 as the control group and fifty individuals with an MA/crea ratio between 30 and 300 as the patient group. QT intervals were calculated using the Bazett formula, taking into account the heart rate. Results: In contrast to the control group, the patient group exhibited a considerably higher median QTc min value (380.63 msn, 361.44–397.30, p: 0.042) and a statistically significant increase in the median QTc max value (439.98 msn, 420.17–460.22, p=0.005). Furthermore, the median MA/crea value (82, 60–300, p<0.0001) was found to be highly significant. However, the median QT(cd) value (61.25 msn, 49.91–81.70, p=0.066) was only marginally significant, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. It is worth noting that both groups showed a significant difference in terms of QTd (p<0.001). In the control group, where DN had not yet developed, the QT(cd) value could be detected before an increase in the MA/crea value. Conclusion: The findings that both the control group and the patient group exhibited elevated QTcd values suggest that this parameter may be a viable predictor of cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, it is conceivable that QTcd could serve as an early warning sign for cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients who have not yet reached the stage of microalbuminuria.

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“…Its correction with heart rate is called the corrected QT interval. Due to the non-uniform repolarization of the myocardium, the corrected QT interval is prolonged in diabetes, leading to a lowered threshold for ventricular fibrillation and torsades de pointes [9,10]. Studies have shown that prolonged corrected QT intervals are predictors of cardiovascular mortality [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Study to Determine the Association of Corrected QT Interval With Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Sawarthia,

Patel,

Patil

2023

Cureus

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Introduction Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a frequent and life-threatening complication of type 2 diabetes. Failure to diagnose can lead to high mortality and morbidity. In patients who have diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria is an independent marker for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the corrected QT interval with microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to estimate the corrected QT interval in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine the association of the corrected QT interval with microalbuminuria type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology Ninety-five adult patients (>18 years to 65 years) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria were included in this study. Data were collected on the proforma through history taking and a general physical and systemic examination. An electrocardiograph was taken on the day of admission; the most prolonged QT interval was measured, and the RR interval was calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24 (Released 2016; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results There was a significant difference in the corrected QT interval prolongation prevalence between diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and without microalbuminuria (P-value <0.001). The mean corrected QT interval distribution did not differ significantly across various age groups of cases studied with microalbuminuria (P-value 0.98). The distribution of mean corrected QT interval did not differ significantly between the group of male cases and group of female cases studied with microalbuminuria (P-value 0.66). The mean corrected QT interval distribution did not differ significantly across various duration of diabetes groups among the cases studied with microalbuminuria (P-value 0.60). The mean corrected QT interval distribution did not differ significantly across different types of anti-diabetic treatment groups among the cases studied with microalbuminuria (P-value 0.64). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes has been prevalent in Indian and Asian populations. The early management of type 2 diabetes is necessary since the early stages of the disease can reduce the risk of CAN. Therefore, these patients should be diagnosed as early as possible and treated to reduce associated mortality and risk and to improve quality of care.

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Study on Retinopathy And Microalbuminuria In Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Hypertension

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

The Association Between Microalbuminuria and QTc Prolongation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Study From South India

The Association Between Microalbuminuria and QTc Prolongation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Centre Study From South India

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Microalbuminuria/Creatinine Ratio and QTc Dispersion in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A Cross-Sectional Study to Determine the Association of Corrected QT Interval With Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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