Study on pyrolysis products characteristics of medical waste and fractional condensation of the pyrolysis oil

Fang, Shuqi; Jiang, Luyao; Li, Pan; Bai, Jing; Chang, Chun

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.116969

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Different treatments of medical waste have been discussed by Fang et al. [ 83 ], where incineration is seen as the most technically and economically feasible. However, it releases emission and toxic metals.…”

Section: Future Ppe and Environmentally Sustainable Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures – PPE, disinfection, supply chains

Klemeš

Fan

Jiang

2020

Energy

220

185

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The still escalating COVID-19 pandemic also has a substantial impact on energy structure, requirements and related emissions. The consumption is unavoidable and receives a lower priority in the critical situation. However, as the pandemic continues, the impacts on energy and environment should be assessed and possibly reduced. This study aims to provide an overview of invested energy sources and environmental footprints in fighting the COVID-19. The required energy and resources consumption of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) and testing kits have been discussed. The protecting efficiency returned on environmental footprint invested for masks has been further explored. The main observation pinpointed is that with a proper design standard, material selection and user guideline, reusable PPE could be an effective option with lower energy consumption/environmental footprint. Additional escalated energy consumption for aseptic and disinfection has been assessed. This includes the energy stemming from emergency and later managed supply chains. The outcomes emphasised that diversifying solutions to achieve the needed objective is a vital strategy to improve the susceptibility and provide higher flexibility in minimising the environmental footprints. However, more comprehensive research proof for the alternative solution (e.g. reusable option) towards low energy consumption without compromise on the effectiveness should be offered and advocated.

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Section: Future Ppe and Environmentally Sustainable Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures – PPE, disinfection, supply chains

Klemeš

Fan

Jiang

2020

Energy

220

185

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“…In 2018, 200 large and medium-sized cities in China generated about 817,000 tons of medical wastes ( MEPC, 2019 ). On average, Chinese medical wastes are composed mainly of 45 % plastic, 20 % moisture, 13 % paper and cotton yarn, 10 % glass, and 12 % other materials (e.g., needle, surgical waste, and medicine) ( Hong et al, 2018 ) and may have as high as 70 % organic content ( Fang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pyrolysis behaviors and degradation kinetics of 14 typical medical wastes were previously determined using TG analysis ( Deng et al, 2008 ). In the pyrolysis of mixed medical solid wastes, hydrocarbons and lipids were reported to account for about 60 % of bio-oils with a carbon chain length of C 6 -C 28 ( Fang et al, 2020 ). The medicinal plastic bottles and infusion bags co-degraded in the inert and oxygen-containing atmospheres were found to produce toluene, styrene, benzene, and a small number of C 1 -C 4 aliphatic hydrocarbons according to TG-FTIR, TG-mass spectrometric (TG-MS), and TG-gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (TG-GC-MS) analyses ( Qin et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Ding

Huashan²,

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

100

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“…(4) (water-gas reaction) and the following equations (Eqs. [12][13][14][15][16]. Among them, the C in Eq.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Thermal Treatment Of Medical Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faced with these problems, thermal plasma technology for treat solid wastes is recognized worldwide as being highly efficient and it has been used for the elimination or Table 1 Comparison between thermal treatment processes of medical waste [2,5,12,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56] transformation of different types of waste including plastics waste [22,23], waste tires [24][25][26], biomass [27][28][29], municipal solid waste [15,30,31], electronic waste [32][33][34], fly and bottom ash [35][36][37][38][39], municipal and industrial sludge [40][41][42][43][44]. Plasma methods are not only used for the production of fuel gas but also appear to be high potential to produce glass-like slag that can be utilized or from which to recover metals [45,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Plasma Treatment of Medical Waste

Cai

2020

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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The harmless treatments of medical waste have significantly drawn people's attention owing to their risks to health-care staff, the public, and the environment. The traditional thermal technology for processing medical waste may cause indispensable secondary pollution such as dioxin, furan, and heavy metals, and infectious materials that may remain in the solid residual. Thermal plasma technologies offer advantages of effectively treating medical waste due to its high temperature and energy density, lower pollutant emissions, rapid start-up and shutdown , and smaller size of the installation. These benefits play roles in the treatment of medical waste on-site or off-site, especially when somewhere encounters an abnormally sharp increase in medical waste. This paper mainly introduces the typical thermal plasma processes of medical waste and its central component, plasma furnace. Meanwhile, how process parameters influence the formed gaseous and solid products, the performances of mass and volume reduction, pathogen destruction, and energy recovery, are discussed in detail. Finally, the mechanism of the thermal plasma process is also analyzed.

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Study on pyrolysis products characteristics of medical waste and fractional condensation of the pyrolysis oil

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures – PPE, disinfection, supply chains

The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures – PPE, disinfection, supply chains

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Thermal Plasma Treatment of Medical Waste

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