Study on Magnetic Materials for Removal of Water Pollutants

Abstract

Water is a primary element for all living things, and we need water for each and every dayto-day activity related to agricultural, industrial, and domestic cares and, thus, its quality influences all aspects of human life including energy, food, health, and economy. Safe drinking water is our primary need to protect our life and thus developing efficient and affordable techniques for water treatment to access potable water to the humanity. Water pollution is one of the severe environmental and health problems worldwide. Pollutants in water can be of organic, inorganic, heavy metals, microbial, and radioactive species, which may be in different forms viz. suspended, dissolved, or dispersed materials. The water quality is mainly affected by industrial discharges, agricultural activities, mismanagement of hazardous materials, etc. Nowadays, nanotechnology offers the possibility of an efficient removal of water pollutants including metals, organic dyes, bacteria, parasites, etc. Magnetic nanomaterials like iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4) are very promising materials used in water decontamination particularly for heavy metals and dyestuffs because of their ease of separation through external magnet, high surface area, unique morphology as well as their high stability. These materials can be used as adsorbent, photocatalyst, and coagulating agents for water remediation based on their composite materials or surface functionalities.

Fly Ash Coated with Magnetic Materials: Improved Adsorbent for Cu (II) Removal from Wastewater

“…The adsorption–desorption processes can be performed due to this property. It should also be pointed out that secondary effluents are not generated [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Can the use of magnetized water affect the seedling development and the metabolite profiles of two different species: Lentil and durum wheat?

“…MWT also has beneficial effects on animals, helping them to live longer and healthier lives, with increased production (milk, wool, meat, eggs), growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and optimization of the rumen fermentation parameters ( Gholizadeh et al., 2008 ; Sargolzehi et al., 2009 ; Ebrahim and Azab, 2017 ; El-Hanoun et al., 2017 ). The use of magnetically treated water in agriculture could be considered a sustainable method since it saves water consumption, and mitigates the harmful effects of drugs, toxins, and environmental pollutants by reducing methane production, which contributes to mitigating the environmental impact on livestock ( Tyari et al., 2014 ; Sharma et al., 2018 ). The effects of a static magnetic field on seed germination, seedling development, and plant yield have been reported ( Maffei, 2014 ; Chadapust et al., 2017 ; Nyakane et al., 2018 ; Abdollahi et al., 2019 ; Rifna et al., 2019 ).…”

Assessment of the Capability of Magnetic Nanoparticles to Recover Neodymium Ions from Aqueous Solution

“…[9][10][11] The chemical and physical stability, biocompatibility, ease of surface modification, low toxicity, straightforward synthesis, and low cost of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) make them ideal for a variety of applications. [12][13][14][15] Preparation methods and surface coating play a key role in determining the size distribution, morphology, magnetic properties, and surface chemistry of MNPs. 16 Co-precipitation is the most widely used method for the synthesis of MNPs of controlled size and magnetic properties.…”

“…9,20 The adsorption of heavy metal ions on MNPs combined with magnetic separation has been used extensively in water treatment and environmental clean-up. 14,21 Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles act towards metal ions as a kind of "nano-sponges" and can easily be retrieved from solution with a magnet, thus they are excellent for the selective extraction of metal traces from wastewater or industrial effluents. After the adsorbed ions are stripped, the nanoparticles can be reused, making this procedure a promising sustainable green technology.…”