Study on Load Frequency Control Using Redox Flow Batteries

Abstract:In this paper, the secondary load frequency controller of the power systems with renewable energies is investigated by taking into account internal parameter perturbations and stochastic disturbances induced by the integration of renewable energies, and the power unbalance caused between the supply side and demand side. For this, the µ-synthesis robust approach based on structure singular value is researched to design the load frequency controller. In the proposed control scheme, in order to improve the power system stability, an ultracapacitor is introduced to the system to rapidly respond to any power changes. Firstly, the load frequency control model with uncertainties is established, and then, the robust controller is designed based on µ-synthesis theory. Furthermore, a novel method using integrated system performance indexes is proposed to select the weighting function during controller design process, and solved by a differential evolution algorithm. Finally, the controller robust stability and robust performance are verified via the calculation results, and the system dynamic performance is tested via numerical simulation. The results show the proposed method greatly improved the load frequency stability of a micro-grid power system.

show abstract

“…There dynamic characteristics are as follows: the dynamics of the governor are expressed as [36][37][38]:…”

Section: Load Frequency Control Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Evolution-Based Load Frequency Robust Control for Micro-Grids with Energy Storage Systems

Wang

Xiao

2018

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…High power capabilities, durability, no self-discharge and fast response time of flow batteries make them an outstanding solution for LFC improvement. However, there are certain disadvantages in using redox batteries such as high cost, complexity, and low energy density compared with conventional batteries (Sasaki, Kadoya, and Enomoto 2004;Divya and Østergaard 2009). Utilization of redox flow batteries in load frequency control was studied in (Sasaki, Kadoya, and Enomoto 2004).…”

Section: Bess Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are certain disadvantages in using redox batteries such as high cost, complexity, and low energy density compared with conventional batteries (Sasaki, Kadoya, and Enomoto 2004;Divya and Østergaard 2009). Utilization of redox flow batteries in load frequency control was studied in (Sasaki, Kadoya, and Enomoto 2004). Authors concentrated on the effectiveness of RF batteries and their promising advantages by dynamic simulation of two area interconnected system.…”

Section: Bess Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of Battery Energy Storage in Load Frequency Control -A Literature Survey

Zurfi¹,

Zhang²

2016

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deregulation of the electricity market and the continued attempts by the international community to reduce the effects of global climate change have resulted in a rapid increase in the usage of different renewable forms of energy such as the wind and solar energy. The availability of such renewables is highly sporadic in nature. Consequently, their integration into the power system is a practice not without unfavorable impacts on the stability of the power system. The stability of the power system frequency is vulnerable to sudden imbalances between generation and demand. Therefore, the intermittent generation from the renewables imposes undesirable frequency fluctuations. Load Frequency Control (LFC) is the control scheme responsible for restoring system frequency to its rated value after any generation-demand imbalance that causes the frequency to deviate from the rated value. Therefore, efficient and fast LFC techniques are crucial. Utilization of Battery Energy Storage (BES) is one of the techniques applied to improve the performance of LFC due to its distinctive characteristics of fast response and high energy density. This paper is aimed to provide a succinct and comprehensive literature survey of the different concepts and strategies of the utilization of battery energy storage systems for LFC services. The study was conducted by reviewing, collating and interpreting numerous research papers on the relevant topics. Based on the BES scale, location, control, ownership and coordination with the system operator, the existing strategies are classified into two main categories: Grid-Scale Systems (GSS) and Load-Scale Systems (LSS). The LSS category is subclassified as Coordinated Aggregate Systems and Non-Coordinated Individual Systems. The survey theoretically discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each category from a technical perspective.

show abstract

“…The Redox Flow Batteries are incorporated in the power system to meet the load frequency control problems and to ensure an improved power quality. With the excellent short-time overload output and response characteristics possessed by RFB in particular [12][13][14], the effects of generation control and the absorption of power fluctuation required for power quality maintenance as expected be achieved with the incorporation of RFB unit. The Redox Flow Batteries are capable of ensuring a very fast response and therefore, hunting due to a delay in response does not occur.…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Redox Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to compensate for sudden load changes, an active power source with fast response such as Redox Flow Batteries (RFB) has a wide range of applications such as power quality maintenance of decentralized power supplies. The RFB has effectively short-time overload output and have efficient response characteristics in the particular [12][13][14]. In this study, BFO algorithm is used to optimize the PI controller gains for LFC of a Two-Area Thermal Reheat Interconnected Power System (TATRIPS) in a restructured environment with and without RFB unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancillary Service Requirement Assessment Indices for the Load Frequency Control in a Restructured Power System with Redox Flow Batteries

Chandrasekar¹,

Paramasivam²,

Chidambaram³

2016

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-This paper proposes various design procedures for computing Power System Ancillary Service Requirement Assessment Indices (PSASRAI) for a Two-Area Thermal Reheat Interconnected Power System (TATRIPS) in a restructured environment. In an interconnected power system, a sudden load perturbation in any area causes the deviation of frequencies of all the areas and also in the tie-line powers. This has to be corrected to ensure the generation and distribution of electric power companies to ensure good quality. A simple Proportional and Integral (PI) controllers have wide usages in controlling the Load Frequency Control (LFC) problems. So the design of the PI controller gains for the restructured power system are obtained using Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) algorithm. From the simulation results, the PSASRAI are calculated based on the settling time and peak over shoot concept of control input deviations of each area for different possible transactions. These Indices are useful for system operator to prepare the power system restoration plans. Moreover, the LFC loop coordinated with Redox Flow Batteries (RFB) has greatly improved the dynamic response and it reduces the control input requirements and to ensure improved PSASRAI, thereby improving the system reliability.

show abstract

Study on Load Frequency Control Using Redox Flow Batteries

Cited by 82 publications

References 7 publications

Differential Evolution-Based Load Frequency Robust Control for Micro-Grids with Energy Storage Systems

Differential Evolution-Based Load Frequency Robust Control for Micro-Grids with Energy Storage Systems

Exploitation of Battery Energy Storage in Load Frequency Control -A Literature Survey

Ancillary Service Requirement Assessment Indices for the Load Frequency Control in a Restructured Power System with Redox Flow Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About