Study on Knocking Intensity under In-Cylinder Flow Field in SI Engines Using a Rapid Compression Machine

Hibi, Taiga; Kohata, Takashi; Tsumori, Yosuke; Namiki, Shintaro; Shima, Kazuya; Katsumata, Masato; Tanabe, Mitsuaki

doi:10.1299/jtst.8.460

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The high intensities of chemiluminescence that occurs during ignition are well captured using modern CMOS cameras which can provide temporal resolution of over 250,000 frames per second. Results of high speed imaging studies include identifying conditions associated with homogeneous and inhomogeneous ignition behavior [204,238,239], characterizing the effects of charge stratification and induced turbulence [113,240,241], identifying spatial features associated with knocking conditions [74,183,242] such as the formation of shock waves during knocking[127,241], and the effects of thermal stratification on ignition[164,167,215].Figure 22presents chemiluminescence imaging data acquired by Griffiths et al[74] during studies of knocking and nonknocking ignition of n-pentane at two thermodynamic state conditions. The images demonstrate the physical changes in the ignition characteristics associated with knocking conditions[212].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Goldsborough

Hochgreb

Vanhove

et al. 2017

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

197

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Rapid compression machines (RCMs) are widely-used to acquire experimental insights into fuel autoignition and pollutant formation chemistry, especially at conditions relevant to current and future combustion technologies. RCM studies emphasize important experimental regimes, characterized by lowto intermediate-temperatures (600-1200 K) and moderate to high pressures (5-80 bar). At these conditions, which are directly relevant to modern combustion schemes including low temperature combustion (LTC) for internal combustion engines and dry low emissions (DLE) for gas turbine engines, combustion chemistry exhibits complex and experimentally challenging behaviors such as the chemistry attributed to cool flame behavior and the negative temperature coefficient regime. Challenges for studying this regime include that experimental observations can be more sensitive to coupled physicalchemical processes leading to phenomena such as mixed deflagrative/autoignitive combustion. Experimental strategies which leverage the strengths of RCMs have been developed in recent years to make RCMs particularly well suited for elucidating LTC and DLE chemistry, as well as convolved physicalchemical processes. Specifically, this work presents a review of experimental and computational efforts applying RCMs to study autoignition phenomena, and the insights gained through these efforts. A brief history of RCM development is presented towards the steady improvement in design, characterization, instrumentation and data analysis. Novel experimental approaches and measurement techniques, coordinated with computational methods are described which have expanded the utility of RCMs beyond empirical studies of explosion limits to increasingly detailed understanding of autoignition chemistry and the role of physical-chemical interactions. Fundamental insight into the autoignition chemistry of specific fuels is described, demonstrating the extent of knowledge of low-temperature chemistry derived from RCM studies, from simple hydrocarbons to multi-component blends and full-boiling range fuels. Emerging needs and further opportunities are suggested, including investigations of under-explored fuels and the implementation of increasingly higher fidelity diagnostics.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Goldsborough

Hochgreb

Vanhove

et al. 2017

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such kinds of control cannot guarantee that an engine will operate at its best performance since the optimal combustion phase is influenced by many variables, including environment conditions, fuel quality, and engine aging (Enrico and Forte, 2010). On condition that in-cylinder pressure contains sufficient information, it can be used to calculate the combustion phase (Hibi et al, 2013;Ceviz et al, 2011). Therefore, many closed-loop sparking timing control methods have been proposed based on the measurement of in-cylinder pressure (Gao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaos theory-based time series analysis of in-cylinder pressure and its application in combustion control of SI engines

Zhang

Shen

2020

JTST

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Combustion control is a significant topic for achieving high efficiency and low emissions of internal combustion engines. Recently, in-cylinder pressure sensor-based closed-loop control strategies have become the preferred solution. However, their practical applications in automotive industries are limited due to the intensive acquisition of pressure series for a whole cycle and subsequent calculation of combustion indicators. This paper proposes a method for in-cylinder pressure information extraction and combustion phase estimation of spark ignition (SI) engines based on pressure measurements at several points coordinated by the crank angle. First, nonlinear dynamics analysis is introduced to analyze the system of in-cylinder pressure evolution, which is proved to be a deterministic nonlinear dynamic system with chaotic characteristics. Then, a 3-dimensional system state variable is determined to replace the pressure series during combustion. Second, with the determined system state variable, the in-cylinder pressure series during combustion and the combustion phase are learned and estimated by a machine learning method, namely, extreme learning machine (ELM). As a result, only pressure measurements at 3 points and ELM estimation models are required, instead of intensive data acquisition and calculation. The experimental validations carried out on a gasoline engine test bench have proved that the reconstruction and estimation results are accurate and that the method can perform well in real-time combustion control.

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“…Among many methods, high speed imaging can capture the rapid changes in chemiluminescence signals and hence is the most widely used technique in combustion diagnostics. Many studies [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] have used high speed imaging with a frame rate from 40 k to 250 k frame per second (fps) to study knock in different devices. The results show knock is primarily due to end gas auto-ignition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency domain analysis of knock images

Wang

et al. 2014

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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High speed imaging-based knock analysis has mainly focused on time domain information, e.g. the spark triggered flame speed, the time when end gas auto-ignition occurs and the end gas flame speed after auto-ignition. This study presents a frequency domain analysis on the knock images recorded using a high speed camera with direct photography in a rapid compression machine (RCM). To clearly visualize the pressure wave oscillation in the combustion chamber, the images were high-pass-filtered to extract the luminosity oscillation. The luminosity spectrum was then obtained by applying fast Fourier transform (FFT) to three basic colour components (red, green and blue) of the high-pass-filtered images. Compared to the pressure spectrum, the luminosity spectra better identify the resonant modes of pressure wave oscillation. More importantly, the resonant mode shapes can be clearly visualized by reconstructing the images based on the amplitudes of luminosity spectra at the corresponding resonant frequencies, which agree well with the analytical solutions for mode shapes of gas vibration in a cylindrical cavity.

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Study on Knocking Intensity under In-Cylinder Flow Field in SI Engines Using a Rapid Compression Machine

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Chaos theory-based time series analysis of in-cylinder pressure and its application in combustion control of SI engines

Frequency domain analysis of knock images

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