Study on in vitro release and cell response to alendronate sodium‐loaded ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene loaded with alendronate sodium wear particles to treat the particles‐induced osteolysis

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro release and cell response to wear particles of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene loaded with alendronate sodium (UHMWPE-ALN), a potent bone resorption inhibitor. Wear particles of UHMWPE-ALN with different ALN contents (0.5 wt % or 1.0 wt %) and size ranges (<45 μm or 45-75 μm) were cocultured with macrophages (RAW264.7) and osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), respectively. The in vitro ALN release was divided into three stages: an initial burst release, subsequent rapid release, and final slow release. The particle size and ALN content of UHMWPE-ALN wear particles affected the in vitro release mainly during initial burst and rapid release. Compared with the control cells, UHMWPE-ALN wear particles stimulated a significant elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) release from macrophages but had no obvious effect on interleukin-6 release. However, this stimulation of TNF-α release could be reduced by ALN released from UHMWPE-ALN wear particles. The wear particle size had stronger effect of on the macrophages compared with the ALN concentration. After coculture with UHMWPE-ALN wear particles, osteoblast proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activities increased moderately with the increase in particle sizes and ALN concentrations. These results suggest that incorporation of ALN in UHMWPE-ALN may be an effective approach to prevent or reduce particles-induced osteolysis.

Icariin protects against titanium particle-induced osteolysis and inflammatory response in a mouse calvarial model

“…First, commercially available Ti particles were used to generate osteolysis in the model rather than UHMWPE, which is the main cause of periprosthetic osteolysis [8,15]. However, it is well documented that both Ti and UHMWPE particles mimic the ability of authentic wear particles to activate osteoclast formation and function, to induce osteolysis in vivo [38].…”

Antiresorptive Agents are More Effective in Preventing Titanium Particle‐Induced Calvarial Osteolysis in Ovariectomized Mice Than Anabolic Agents in Short‐Term Administration

“…Based on the results of former mentioned studies that preoperative BMD measured at spine, hip, and forearm were major factors influencing periprosthetic bone loss and implant micromotion, we proposed that osteoporosis is the risk factor of aseptic loosening. Previous studies demonstrated that antiosteoporosis treatment significantly inhibits wear particle‐induced osteoclast formation in vitro . Epidemiology data also revealed that the use of antiosteoporosis drugs markedly reduces the overall risk of revision after THA .…”

Are Biologic Treatments a Potential Approach to Wear- and Corrosion-related Problems?

“…In a similar study, addition of lipopolysaccharide-coated polyethylene particles and addition of an antibody to sclerostin, an osteocyte-secreted molecule that interacts with LRP5/6 at the cell membrane, suppresses the Wnt signaling pathway [23]. Recent studies of osteolysis in the rabbit, a model that permits addition of particles into the medullary canal and analysis of cortical bone resorption, show that diverse treatment modalities inhibit bone turnover [30,34,61,62].…”