Study on hydrogen enrichment in X80 steel spiral welded pipe

Zhao, Weimin; Yang, Min; Zhang, Timing; Deng, Qiushi; Jiang, Wei; Jiang, Wenchun

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2018.01.011

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The HAZ underwent the high temperature heat treatment. Its diffusivity is similar to or slightly less than that of the BM, which has been verified in experimental results [16,42]. For simplification, the hydrogen diffusion properties of the HAZ were assumed to be the same as that of the WM.…”

Section: Investigation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Among them, controlling the welding residual stress is believed to be useful in the traditional mindset because of the diffusion driven by stress gradient. Furthermore, if the welded joint was under hydrogen environment, the hydrogen concentration in WM could be up to several times higher than that without influence of residual stress [42].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the hydrogen diffusivity of the weld metal/HAZ was set 1.25 times that of the base metal, while the solubility of the base metal was also set 1.25 times that of the weld metal/HAZ. Note that it is hard to obtain the hydrogen diffusion properties cover the whole temperature range from ambient temperature to molten liquid temperature, experimental results from literature [12,17,18,25,41,42] and extrapolation method were used to define the hydrogen diffusion properties. Because of the large differences of hydrogen diffusion property in different phases, the defined properties showed in Figure 3 might be less precise, but enough to reveal the influences of SSPT on hydrogen diffusion in welding.…”

Section: Investigation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Gathering Effect of the Hydrogen Diffusion in Welding Induced by the Solid-State Phase Transformation

et al. 2019

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The hydrogen diffusion in welding was investigated by using thermal-mechanical-hydrogen diffusion sequential coupled procedures based on finite element method. A self-gathering effect induced by the solid-state phase transformation was discovered. Because of the self-gathering effect, the hydrogen concentration in weld metal was accumulated to a peak value which can be larger than the initial hydrogen concentration in molten pool, and subsequently the hydrogen concentration in heat affect zone was redistributed. In multi-pass welding, the gathered effect not only happened inside a weld pass, but also in the inter-pass, which further increased the sensitivity of the hydrogen-assisted cold cracking. Controlling should be adopted to restrain the hydrogen accumulation. Welding stress evolution during the solid-state phase transformation process had limited effect on the hydrogen diffusion.

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Section: Investigation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Investigation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Gathering Effect of the Hydrogen Diffusion in Welding Induced by the Solid-State Phase Transformation

et al. 2019

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“…[17][18] Currently, the API 5L X65 is the highest grade approved for sour gas application. [19][20] However, there are high expectations of using higher grades API 5L steels, such as X70 and X80, which exhibit superior mechanical strength. This would allow the fabrication of pipelines with thinner walls, resulting in relevant savings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance and HIC Suceptibility of API 5L X65 and API 5L X80 Steels

et al. 2019

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High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are used for the construction of pipelines for oil and natural gas transportation. For such applications pipelines must exhibit mechanical resistance and resistance to corrosion and hydrogen induced cracking (HIC). API 5L X65 steels are the main materials used for this purpose. However, for economic reasons, the use of steels of superior grades would be of interest. This work presents a comparative study of the corrosion and HIC resistances of an API 5L X65 and an API 5L X80 steel in deaerated solution A of NACE TM0284 standard. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization experiments were performed in non-sour and sour (H 2 S-saturated) media, and HIC resistance tests were carried out in the sour medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM) characterizations of polished and corroded samples were also done. Electrochemical tests showed that the API 5L X80 steel is slightly more susceptible to surface corrosion, which can be probably linked to its higher inclusion content and smaller grain sizes, it was also susceptible to HIC. Mn and S-rich inclusions found in the crack path indicate that this microstructural feature may play a key role in crack propagation and HIC susceptibility

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“…The effect of welding thermal cycles on the microstructure has attracted more attention, since welding is widely used to construct long-distance pipeline steel [28,29]. Microstructure heterogeneity are affected by welding thermal cycle processes, which change the hydrogen diffusion and accumulation [30,31]. Thus, there is a great difference between the base metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ) tested in the hydrogen environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Growth in the Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Steels during in Situ Hydrogen Charging

Feng

An³

et al. 2019

Materials

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Herein, the hydrogen embrittlement of a heat-affected zone (HAZ) was examined using slow strain rate tension in situ hydrogen charging. The influence of hydrogen on the crack path of the HAZ sample surfaces was determined using electron back scatter diffraction analysis. The hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of the base metal and the HAZ samples increased with increasing current density. The HAZ samples have lower resistance to hydrogen embrittlement than the base metal samples in the same current density. Brittle circumferential cracks located at the HAZ sample surfaces were perpendicular to the loading direction, and the crack propagation path indicated that five or more cracks may join together to form a longer crack. The fracture morphologies were found to be a mixture of intergranular and transgranular fractures. Hydrogen blisters were observed on the HAZ sample surfaces after conducting tensile tests at a current density of 40 mA/cm2, leading to a fracture in the elastic deformation stage.

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Study on hydrogen enrichment in X80 steel spiral welded pipe

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Self-Gathering Effect of the Hydrogen Diffusion in Welding Induced by the Solid-State Phase Transformation

Self-Gathering Effect of the Hydrogen Diffusion in Welding Induced by the Solid-State Phase Transformation

A Comparative Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance and HIC Suceptibility of API 5L X65 and API 5L X80 Steels

Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Growth in the Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Steels during in Situ Hydrogen Charging

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