Study on Bovine Trypanosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors in Benatsemay District, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Trypanosomosis is an endemic livestock disease in Ethiopia that hinders livestock production and productivity, especially in fertile agricultural western and southwestern areas. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based and parasitological studies were conducted from October 2020 to July 2021 in the Benatsemay district, southern Ethiopia to assess the knowledge of livestock owners about trypanosomosis, its prevalence, and host-related risk factors associated with bovine trypanosomosis in the area. According to the questionnaire survey, trypanosomosis was the main bottleneck to cattle in two of the selected study Sites in the Benatsemay district. The parasitological survey revealed that 11.46% (44/384) of the cattle were infected with trypanosomosis. Moreover, Trypanosoma congolense (9.11%) is the leading trypanosome species in the area, followed by T. vivax (31.8%). The adult age group (16.15%), poor-conditioned cattle (22.22%), and black-skinned cattle (34.24%) were significantly associated ( P < .05) with trypanosomosis infection in the study area. Furthermore, the mean packed cell volume (PCV) of parasitaemic cattle (22.75%) was significantly ( P < .05) lower than that of aparasitaemic cattle (29.23%). Therefore, the present study revealed that the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in the study area and participatory vector control and the rational use of trypanocidal drugs should be implemented to control trypanosomosis in the area.

Prevalence of pathogenic trypanosome species in naturally infected cattle of three sleeping sickness foci of the south of Chad

“…Our results showing significantly higher prevalence of trypanosome infections in older cattle compared to young ones are consistent with previous data highlighting lower disease prevalence in younger cattle than older ones [52]. These results could be explained by the higher exposure of older cattle to tsetse bites compared to younger ones [53]. In fact, younger cattle are often kept in the farmstead and do not venture far for grazing and watering.…”

“…The significantly higher prevalence of trypanosome infections in cattle having poor body condition compared to those with medium and good body condition is consistent with previous data reporting higher trypanosomosis prevalence in cattle with poor body condition than in cattle with medium and good body conditions [52,53]. These results are strengthened by the low values of odd ratio indicating a decrease risk to be carriers of trypanosome infections for cattle having good body condition compared to those with medium and poor body condition.…”

Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Trypanosomiasis pada Kuda di Kabupaten Sumba Timur

“…Pada penelitian ini, faktor risiko yang diamati adalah umur, jenis kelamin, cara pemeliharaan, asal kuda, lalu-lintas ternak, asal air minum (keberadaan sungai), dan pengetahuan peternak, seperti terlihat pada Tabel 2. Fesseha et al (2022) (1997) yang melaporkan unta betina umur 5-10 tahun memiliki risiko terinfeksi T. evansi lebih tinggi dibandingkan unta jantan.…”

Influence of Diaminazene Aceturate (Berenil®) on the Haematology of Yankasa Sheep Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma evansi

“…"The pathogenic effect of the disease varies according to the virulence of the trypanosome strain, the host, species, general stress and other concurrent infections" [1]. Trypanosoma evansi is the most widely distributed of the pathogenic animal trypanosomes affecting camel, cattle, buffalo, horses and donkeys [2], causing economic losses including; severe weakness, abortion, infertility, reduced milk yield, weight loss and reduced drought capabilities that later lead to neuropathy and immune suppression coupled with anemia and eventually death of the animal [3]. "Trypanosoma evansi is wide spread in different ecological regions in Africa, Americas, some parts of Europe and Asia" [4].…”