Study on antibacterial performance of Cu-bearing cobalt-based alloy

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In order to solve the challenging problem of microbial infections caused by microorganisms on medical implants, it is imperative to develop novel antimicrobial biomaterials. This work demonstrated that 317L-Cu stainless steel (SS), created by adding copper through a solution and aging heat treatment process, exhibited good antibacterial properties against staphylococcus aureus, achieving 2 log reduction of planktonic cells after 5 days of incubation. In this study, the antibacterial test was performed using the plate count method, the fluorescence cell staining method and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. It is well known that a high concentration of copper ion can lead to cytotoxicity. This work explored the cytotoxicity of 317L-Cu SS through real-time cell analysis (RTCA). Experimental results demonstrated that the 317L-Cu SS possessed a satisfactory antibacterial ability against S. aureus, and the antibacterial rate based on the reduction of sessile cell count reached 98.3% after 24-hour treatment. The bacterial adhesion and the biofilm thickness were considerably reduced by the 317L-Cu SS. The results of RTCA suggested that 317L-Cu SS did not introduce cytotoxicity to mouse cells, indicating its suitability as a medical implant material.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

An investigation of the antibacterial ability and cytotoxicity of a novel cu-bearing 317L stainless steel

Sun

Yang

et al. 2016

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“…In addition to this surface modification, bulk antimicrobial metallic material has also been developed recently, such as 304-Cu, 420-Cu and 317L-Cu antibacterial stainless steels, as well as a Ti-6Al-4V-xCu (x = 1, 3, 5) alloy, by addition of proper amount of Cu into currently used metallic materials. When in contact with the physiological environment, these Cu-bearing metallic biomaterials displayed strong antibacterial properties due to a continuous release of Cu ions into the surrounding environment 15 16 25 26 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial effect of copper-bearing titanium alloy (Ti-Cu) against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis

Memarzadeh

Chang

et al. 2016

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187

112

Formation of bacterial biofilms on dental implant material surfaces (titanium) may lead to the development of peri-implant diseases influencing the long term success of dental implants. In this study, a novel Cu-bearing titanium alloy (Ti-Cu) was designed and fabricated in order to efficiently kill bacteria and discourage formation of biofilms, and then inhibit bacterial infection and prevent implant failure, in comparison with pure Ti. Results from biofilm based gene expression studies, biofilm growth observation, bacterial viability measurements and morphological examination of bacteria, revealed antimicrobial/antibiofilm activities of Ti-Cu alloy against the oral specific bacterial species, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Proliferation and adhesion assays with mesenchymal stem cells, and measurement of the mean daily amount of Cu ion release demonstrated Ti-Cu alloy to be biocompatible. In conclusion, Ti-Cu alloy is a promising dental implant material with antimicrobial/antibiofilm activities and acceptable biocompatibility.

“…Copper (Cu) is one of the effective antibacterial metals2526 and incorporation of Cu into stainless steels252728, titanium alloys29 and cobalt-based alloys30 has been observed to enhance the resistance against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Cu is also a vital trace element playing an important role in the immune system3132, restoring the normal rate of bone resorption in bone metabolism33, and enhancing collagen fiber deposition and so is attractive in the field of bone engineering34.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with enhanced osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-lasting antibacterial effects

Liu

Pan

et al. 2016

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159

108

A series of biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys is designed to induce osteogenesis, stimulate angiogenesis, and provide long-lasting antibacterial performance at the same time. The Mg-Cu alloys with precipitated Mg2Cu intermetallic phases exhibit accelerated degradation in the physiological environment due to galvanic corrosion and the alkaline environment combined with Cu release endows the Mg-Cu alloys with prolonged antibacterial effects. In addition to no cytotoxicity towards HUVECs and MC3T3-E1 cells, the Mg-Cu alloys, particularly Mg-0.03Cu, enhance the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, collagen secretion, osteogenesis-related gene and protein expressions of MC3T3-E1 cells, cell proliferation, migration, endothelial tubule forming, angiogenesis-related gene, and protein expressions of HUVECs compared to pure Mg. The favorable osteogenesis and angiogenesis are believed to arise from the release of bioactive Mg and Cu ions into the biological environment and the biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-term antibacterial ability are very promising in orthopedic applications.