Study on a cobalt silica catalyst during reduction and Fischer–Tropsch reaction: In situ EXAFS compared to XPS and XRD

Ernst, Barbara; Bensaddik, A.; Hilaire, L.; Chaumette, P.; Kiennemann, A.

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(97)00124-7

Cited by 166 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Several previous reports [31][32][33][34][35] suggest that reduction of Co 3 O 4 to metallic cobalt may proceed via intermediate formation of CoO: Figure 2 shows TPR profiles of monometallic and Ptpromoted cobalt alumina supported catalysts [17]. Promoting with Pt results in a low-temperature shift of the TPR peaks which were schematically attributed to both reduction of Co 3 O 4 to CoO at 500-650 K and to reduction of CoO to metallic cobalt at 650-973 K. Thus, it has been shown that most of noble metals (Pt, Ru, Pd, Ir) enhance the two cobalt oxide reduction steps.…”

Section: Cobalt Reducibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Diehl¹,

Khodakov²

2008

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

165

109

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Résumé-Promotion par les métaux nobles de catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch à base de cobalt : une revue -La synthèse Fischer-Tropsch est une part essentielle du procédé XTL (X-To-Liquids, avec X = Gaz, Biomasse ou Charbon) qui convertit du gaz de synthèse en hydrocarbures pour carburants propres. Les catalyseurs à base de cobalt supportés sur des oxydes inorganiques constituent le meilleur compromis pour la production de paraffines à longues chaînes carbonées et de cires. L'efficacité du procédé FischerTropsch dépend très fortement de la performance du catalyseur à base de cobalt. La promotion de ce catalyseur par des métaux précieux peut très fortement améliorer ses performances. Cet article fait la revue des différents effets des métaux nobles sur la structure et la performance de catalyseurs à base de cobalt. Les impacts sur le coût et l'activité des catalyseurs apparaissent comme des éléments incontournables dans le design de catalyseurs performants pour la synthèse Fischer-Tropsch. (X-To-Liquids, with X = Gas, Biomass or Coal) Abstract -Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review -FischerTropsch synthesis is a major part of XTL

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Section: Cobalt Reducibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Diehl¹,

Khodakov²

2008

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

165

109

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“…An ROR treatment can increase Co dispersion presumably by forming hollow oxide domes during controlled oxidation that break up into smaller Co crystallites during re-reduction [63]. Whether the resulting Co crystals that will be in close proximity with each other experience agglomeration during the first months of commercial FT synthesis has apparently not been reported.…”

Section: Deactivation By Re-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

2015

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Deactivation of commercially relevant cobalt catalysts for Low Temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) synthesis is discussed with a focus on the two main long-term deactivation mechanisms proposed: Carbon deposits covering the catalytic surface and re-oxidation of the cobalt metal. There is a great variety in commercial, demonstration or pilot LTFT operations in terms of reactor systems employed, catalyst formulations and process conditions. Lack of sufficient data makes it difficult to correlate the deactivation mechanism with the actual process and catalyst design. It is well known that long term catalyst deactivation is sensitive to the conditions the actual catalyst experiences in the reactor. Therefore, great care should be taken during start-up, shutdown and upsets to monitor and control process variables such as reactant concentrations, pressure and temperature which greatly affect deactivation mechanism and rate. Nevertheless, evidence so far shows that carbon deposition is the main long-term deactivation mechanism for most LTFT operations. It is intriguing that some reports indicate a low deactivation rate for multi-channel micro-reactors. In situ rejuvenation and regeneration of Co catalysts are economically necessary for extending their life to several years. The review covers information from open sources, but with a particular focus on patent literature.

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“…Ernst 13 only studied Co(0) and Co(II). Both authors did not include the Auger signal for background correction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passivity of cobalt in borate buffer at pH 9.3 studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Foelske

Strehblow

2000

Surf. Interface Anal.

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Study on a cobalt silica catalyst during reduction and Fischer–Tropsch reaction: In situ EXAFS compared to XPS and XRD

Cited by 166 publications

References 21 publications

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

Passivity of cobalt in borate buffer at pH 9.3 studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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