Study of the Influence of Unfavorable Vegetation Conditions on Agro-Ecological Resistance of Bean Varieties

Abstract

Among the leguminous crops in world agriculture, the bean ranks second after soybeans in terms of gross yield and is in great demand as a food product. Beans as a food product is important in the food balance of the country, because its seeds in protein content exceeds cereals in 2-3 times or more, and contains 28-32%, and in green beans (asparagus beans) – 17-21% balanced in amino acid composition of protein, as well as more than 40% of carbohydrates, vitamins A, B, C, E, enzymes, minerals. Despite the significant sown area of beans in the world, which is about 26 million hectares, in Ukraine in 2019, its crops were significantly inferior to the traditional for our country leguminous crops – soybeans and peas and amounted to only 42.0 thousand hectares, which was about 7 % in the structure of leguminous crops. Insignificant bean sown areas in Ukraine are combined with a low seed yield of 1.6 t/ha. As part of research work of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, the authors of the research are executors of applied research on the topic: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing legumes using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances» (Mazur V.A., Didur I.M., Tkachuk O.P., Pantsyreva H.V.), state registration number 0120U102034.

The Current Environmental State of the Field Protective Forest Belts of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine

“…Scientists and experts estimate the real area of field protective forest belts to be about 350,000 hectares. Based on these calculations, in order to achieve the normative indicators of maintaining the effective protection of agricultural crops by field protective forest belts, another 700,000 hectares need to be regenerated (Tkachuk et al, 2022;Wilks, 2005). As one hectare of field protective forest belt protects 20-30 hectares of arable land, today millions of hectares of arable land are under the protection of field protective forest belts in Ukraine, which ensures an increase in the efficiency of the use of these lands and reduces the cost of crop production.…”