Study of the influence of medicinal preparations on the indicators of mixed saliva in patients with essential hypertension

Abstract

Aim. To identify the effect of drugs on the functional state of the salivary glands in patients with essential hypertension. Methods. A total of 38 hypertensive patients were examined. Depending on the prescribed drug therapy, all patients were divided into four groups: group 1 received an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; group 2 received a beta-blocker; group 3 received a slow calcium channel blocker, group 4 received a statin. For the analysis of salivary glands, the salivation rate was calculated, pH of the mixed saliva and activity of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were measured. Results. In the mixed saliva of hypertensive patients, the salivation rate decreased in patients taking statins. The pH values of saliva in all groups were within neutral values, from 6.80 to 7.04. The amount of total protein was increased in patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins, and was reduced in patients taking beta-adrenoblockers and slow calcium channel blockers. High activity of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase was detected in patients taking statins, which indicates activation of anaerobic bacteria and inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. The increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, noted in patients taking beta-adrenoblockers, suggests possible violation of the processes of enamel mineralization. High activity of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase in the mixed saliva of observed patients coincides with the increase of papillary marginal alveolar index up to 27±4.6%, which indicates the development of pathology in the periodontal tissues. Conclusion. In patients receiving statins salivation function was suppressed; increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase in the mixed saliva indicates activation of anaerobic microflora and tissue protein breakdown in the oral cavity.

Assessment of the Hormonal Background of Saliva and Blood in Patients with an Inflammatory-Destructive Process in the Periodontium Against the Background of Hepatitis C

“…Numerous recent studies indicate that chronic liver diseases associated with hepatotropic viruses are a serious socio-economic and clinical and epidemiological health problem in all countries of the world [1,3,8,10,13,15]. The reason for this is the widespread prevalence of liver pathology (from 3 to 15 per 1,000 examined), the steady increase in morbidity, disability and mortality, which determine the relevance of this problem [1,4,7,9,10,11,20]. should be noted that changes in the oral mucosa, periodontal tissues in acute and chronic infectious liver lesions, in particular in viral hepatitis, have attracted the attention of many researchers [3,5,6,13,14,17,18].…”

“…In diseases of the liver in the oral cavity, changes are noted that are manifested by dryness of the mucous membrane, often its swelling, foci of diffuse hyperemia in the region of the vestibular surface of the lips. Vascular disorders are also noted -multiple telangiectasias, bleeding gums, hemorrhages [7,8,11,12,13,19].…”

“…It should be noted that receptors were found in periodontal tissues not only for parathyroid hormone and calcitonin, but also for all sex hormones. Summing up, we can point out that the systemic imbalance of the endocrine system can play an important role in the development of periodontal diseases [5,6,7,8,9,11,19,20]. However, information regarding periodontal changes is scarce, sometimes contradictory.…”

Analysis of Oral Fluid Enzymes Activity in Patients With Periodontitis Undergoing Complex Antibiotic Therapy

“…Lactate dehydrogenase enzymes and alkaline phosphatase are important indicators in terms of diagnosing destructive processes in case of periodontal disease. This means that studying the composition and properties of mixed saliva is of great diagnostic value, since it allows, in some cases, identifying not just the body status as a whole, yet also that of the oral cavity tissues [12,13]. Besides, mixed saliva is of interest for diagnostic purposes, since the method of obtaining it is simple, non-invasive, has a minimal cost, and requires minimal processing [14][15][16][17].…”