Study of spinel Li4Ti5O12 electrode reaction mechanism by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Wu, Kai; Yang, Jun; Qiu, Xiangyun; Xu, Jin-Mei; Zhang, Qianqian; Jin, Jing; Zhuang, Quanchao

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.048

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Also, as initially mentioned, controversial interpretations are reported in literature for these high frequency phenomena. According to Wu et al 52 the semi-circle at high frequencies, observed in their study, represents the electronic resistance of the material. Kitaura et al 54 attributed it to the grain boundary resistance in the electrode, while Schweikert et al 51 claimed that it is related to the SEI formed on the Li metal electrode.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Birrozzi

Copley

Zamory

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Herein, we present the upscaled synthesis of nanoparticulate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) by means of flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), yielding high phase purity and appropriate morphology for application as high-power lithium-ion anode material. Electrodes based on this optimized LTO nanopowder, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as binder, and copper as current collector revealed excellent rate performance, providing specific capacities of 133, 131, 129, 127, 124, and 115 mAh g −1 when applying C rates of 1C, 2C, 5C, 10C, 20C, and 50C, respectively. Targeting the commercial application of thus synthesized nanoparticles, we optimized also the electrode composition, comparing three different binding agents (CMC, PVdF, and poly(acrylic acid), PAA) and substituting the copper current collector by aluminum. The results of this comparative analysis show, that the combination of nanoparticulate LTO, CMC, and an aluminum current collector appears most suitable toward the realization of environmentally friendly and cost-efficient lithium-ion anodes, presenting very stable cycling performance for more than 1000 cycles at 10C without substantial capacity decay. While lithium-ion batteries are already the energy storage device of choice for portable electronic devices, they are recently gaining importance for large-scale applications like (hybrid) electric vehicles and stationary energy storage.1-5 However, beside advances regarding the energy density, such applications still require an improved safety, long-term cycling stability, as well as enhanced power densities with respect to state-of-the-art lithium-ion cells, commonly employing graphite as anode material.1-5 Spinel-structured Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO), reported for the first time by Colbow et al. in 1989, 6 is presently considered as one of the most promising alternative anode materials for realizing safer, long-lasting, high power lithium-ion batteries 7-13 and is, for such reasons, already utilized in commercial cells.2 While the enhanced safety and advanced long-term cycling stability, resulting from the relatively higher lithium (de-)insertion potential and the negligible volume variation upon (de-)lithiation, 14-17 respectively, are, to a great extent intrinsic to LTO, the high power performance, i.e., the rate capability, of the material is highly dependent on the utilized synthesis method and the resulting particle size and morphology. 9,13,[18][19][20][21] Indeed, downsizing the particle size to the nanometer-scale resulted in excellent power performance, 21-25 allowing (dis-)charging LTObased electrodes in as little as a few seconds. However, one of the major challenges toward the commercialization of nano-sized LTO is the development of easily scalable synthesis methods, providing large batches of active material at competitive prices.13 A highly attractive method for the large-scale preparation of metal oxide nanoparticles appears to be flame spray pyrolysis (FSP). 26,27 We have recently reported the electrochemical characterization of the first generation of FSP-synthesi...

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Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Birrozzi

Copley

Zamory

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…A similar trend for improved chargedischarge performance for an HFE-containing electrolyte over a carbonate-only electrolyte was observed by Yan et al [129]. depending upon the state of lithiation [130]. The EIS spectra obtained in this work were primarily evaluated for the cell resistance, charge-transfer resistance, and double layer capacitance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Multi-Functional Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Westhoff

Bandhauer

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A MULTI-FUNCTIONAL ELECTROLYTE FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERIESThermal management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is paramount for multi-cell packs, such as those found in electric vehicles, to ensure safe and sustainable operation. Thermal management systems (TMSs) maintain cell temperatures well below those associated with capacity fade and thermal runaway to ensure safe operation and prolong the useful life of the pack.Current TMSs employ single-phase liquid cooling to the exterior surfaces of every cell, decreasing the volumetric and gravimetric energy density of the pack. In the present study, a novel, internal TMS that utilizes a multi-functional electrolyte (MFE) is investigated, which contains a volatile co-solvent that boils upon heat absorption in small channels in the positive electrode of the cell.

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“…Impedance data were fitted using typical equivalent circuit: R ohm −( R dl CPE dl )−( R ct CPE ct ) where: R stands for resistance and CPE is a constant phase element. The respective indexes correspond to: ohmic-, double layer- and charge transfer-related effects4045.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically structured lithium titanate for ultrafast charging in long-life high capacity batteries

Odziomek¹,

Chaput²,

Rutkowska³

et al. 2017

Nat Commun

122

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High-performance Li-ion batteries require materials with well-designed and controlled structures on nanometre and micrometre scales. Electrochemical properties can be enhanced by reducing crystallite size and by manipulating structure and morphology. Here we show a method for preparing hierarchically structured Li4Ti5O12 yielding nano- and microstructure well-suited for use in lithium-ion batteries. Scalable glycothermal synthesis yields well-crystallized primary 4–8 nm nanoparticles, assembled into porous secondary particles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals presence of Ti+4 only; combined with chemical analysis showing lithium deficiency, this suggests oxygen non-stoichiometry. Electron microscopy confirms hierarchical morphology of the obtained material. Extended cycling tests in half cells demonstrates capacity of 170 mAh g−1 and no sign of capacity fading after 1,000 cycles at 50C rate (charging completed in 72 s). The particular combination of nanostructure, microstructure and non-stoichiometry for the prepared lithium titanate is believed to underlie the observed electrochemical performance of material.

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Study of spinel Li4Ti5O12 electrode reaction mechanism by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Cited by 44 publications

References 54 publications

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

A Multi-Functional Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Hierarchically structured lithium titanate for ultrafast charging in long-life high capacity batteries

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Study of spinel Li4Ti5O12 electrode reaction mechanism by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Cited by 44 publications

References 54 publications

Scaling up “Nano” Li4Ti5O12for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Scaling up “Nano” Li4Ti5O12for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

A Multi-Functional Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Hierarchically structured lithium titanate for ultrafast charging in long-life high capacity batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Scaling up “Nano” Li₄Ti₅O₁₂for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis